95994234 Contractul de Franciza

8/13/2019 95994234 Contractul de Franciza

1/159

Contractul de francizMihaela Mocanu

Prefa

List de abrevieriCapitolul I- Franciza definiie, caractere juridice, tipuri de franciz

Capitolul II- Obligaia de informare n contractul de franciz

Capitolul III- Clauze cu privire la protecia know-how-ului

Capitolul IV- Clauza de exclusivitate teritorial

Capitolul V- Clauza de aprovizionare exclusiv

Capitolul VI- Clauza privind preul de vnzare al produselor comercializate n reeauade franciz

Capitolul I

Franciza definiie, caractere juridice, tipuri de franciz

1- Preliminarii2- Origine. Concept3- Tipuri de franciz4- Contractul de franciz. Definiie. Caractere juridice5- Deosebiri i asemnri ntre contractul de franciz i alte contracte cu fizionomiesimilar

1

Preliminarii

Dezvoltarea comerului, dinamica acestuia n contextul globalizrii au creat premiseleunei accelerri a ritmului extinderii reelelor de distribuie comercial.Distribuia comercial fizionomie nou i novatoare a activitii de intermediere afost analizat ca fiind un fenomen primordial economic 1 (corespunznd unei aa-numite faze consumatoriste a schimburilor economice 2) care ns, n mod absolutnecesar, urma s reverbereze n plan juridic, aezndu-se n sfera dreptului.

Transgresiunea, de altfel, era previzibil, neputndu-se exclude nici implicaiaeconomicului n juridic neglijen cu att mai grav cu ct amploarea fenomenuluieste (i a fost) n urcare de cteva decenii , dar nici aceea a juridicului n economic[domeniu prea puin permeabil, ns prea mult permisibil (!)].Franciza, ca modalitate de organizare a distribuiei n reea, bineneles, analizatdin prisma juridic a contractului (sau,mai precis, a contractelor) care genereaz opluralitate de raporturi juridice ntre promotorul reelei francizorul i distribuitori,
http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7miyq&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7miyq&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7miza&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62i&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62i&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62i&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62i&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62i&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62lj&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62lj&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62lj&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62ljne&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62ljne&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62ljne&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62ljne&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62ljnfpwgylqnf2g63c7nf3a&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62ljnfpwgylqnf2g63c7nf3a&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62ljnfpwgylqnf2g63c7nf3a&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf65q&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf65q&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf65q&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf65tj&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf65tj&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf65tj&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf65tj&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzu&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzu&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzu&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzv&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzv&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzv&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzv&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt1http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt1http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt1http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzv&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzv&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzu&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf65tj&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf65tj&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf65q&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62ljnfpwgylqnf2g63c7nf3a&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62ljne&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62lj&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62i&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7miza&conversationId=163754http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/CW5HY4E0/document-view.seam%3ftype=html&documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7miyq&conversationId=163754


2/159


3/159

4J.-M. Leloup, La franchise. Droit et pratique, 3me d., Ed. Encyclopdie Dalloz,Paris, 2000, p. 10.5H. Bensoussan, Le droit de la franchise, 2med., Ed. Apoge, Rennes, 1993, p. 17-18.6 Preambul susinut de C. Jassogne n deschiderea seminarului organizat n 29

septembrie 2000 la Lige, pe teme de franciz, n Le contrat de franchise, Sminaireorganis Lige 2000, Bruylant, Bruxelles, 2001, p. 4.

2

Origine. Concept

Contractul de franciz a aprut n secolul al XIX-lea n spaiul american, venind ncontrapondere cu legislaia anti-trust care, n dorina de a stopa comercializareadirect a automobilelor (a cror industrie era n expansiune n acea epoc) de ctreconstructori utilizatorilor, a creat astfel o nou metod de comercializare aproduselor1. Ulterior ns, datorit succesului de care a avut parte, aceast metod de comercializare s-a extins i n alte sectoare de activitate2, iar dup Primul RzboiMondial, i n Europa 3 . Statele Unite ale Americii a fost i primul stat unde s-alegiferat franciza, prin celebra lege ntitulat Full Disclosure Act4.Doctrina juridic apreciaz c denumirea francizei, aa cum aceasta figureaz ndreptul american, respectiv termenul anglo-saxon defranchising, este de provenienfrancez 5 . Precizarea este cu att mai relevant cu ct denumirea este preluatsimilar i n limbajul juridic al altor ri 6 , mai ales datorit modului n care acestsistem de comercializare s-a dezvoltat n Europa, prin importare. Tocmai datoritacestui import primele ncercri de normare a activitii n regim de franciz aufost fcute de ctre federaiile de franciz prin intermediul codurilor deontologice 7.

Acestea au fost urmate de jurisprudena Curii de Justiie, n special prin hotrrea ncazul Pronuptia 8 , iar apoi de regulamentele comunitare: mai nti, Regulamentul4087/88 din 30 noiembrie 1988 privind aplicarea dispoziiilor art. 81 parag. 1 alTratatului CE acordurilor de franciz9, apoi,Regulamentul 2790/99 din 22 decembrie1999 privind aplicarea art. 81 parag. 1 al Tratatului CE nelegerilor verticale ipracticilor concertate10.Francizaeste definit n dreptul romn deO.G. nr. 52/199711i deCodul fiscal12cafiind un sistem de comercializare bazat pe o colaborare continu ntre persoanefizice sau juridice, independente din punct de vedere financiar, prin care o persoan,denumit francizor, acord unei alte persoane, denumit beneficiar, dreptul de aexploata sau de a dezvolta o afacere, un produs, o tehnologie sau un serviciu.

n mod similar a fost definit franciza de Codul deontologic european al francizei cafiind: un sistem de comercializare de produse i/sau de servicii i/sau tehnologii,bazat pe o colaborare strns i continu ntre ageni economici distinci iindependeni din punct de vedere juridic i financiar, respectiv francizorul i fran-cizaii, n care francizorul le acord francizailor si dreptul i le impune obligaia dea exploata activitatea n conformitate cu conceptul su. Dreptul astfel concedatautorizeaz i oblig francizatul, n schimbul unei contribuii financiare directe sauindirecte, s utilizeze emblema i/sau marca produselor i/sau serviciilor, know-how-
http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr4http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr4http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr5http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr5http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr6http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr6http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt1http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt1http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt1http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt3http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt3http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt4http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt4http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt4http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt5http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt5http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt6http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt6http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt7http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt7http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt7http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt8http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt8http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt9http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt9http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt9http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6mrxheyf6ojz&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6mrxheyf6ojz&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt10http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt10http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt10http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=n5tv6njs&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt11http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt11http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt11http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=nryf6njxgfptembqgm&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=nryf6njxgfptembqgm&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt12http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt12http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt12http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=nryf6njxgfptembqgm&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt11http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=n5tv6njs&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt10http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6mrxheyf6ojz&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt9http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt8http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt7http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt6http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt5http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt4http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt3http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt1http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr6http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr5http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzr&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr4


4/159


5/159

La rndul lor, precizrile aduse prin completrile la noul regulament comunitar, deidefinesc acordurile de franciz, se refer att la operaiunea de a franciza, ct i lacontractul nsui. Doar Regulamentul 4087/88 care definea separat franciza i acordulde franciz a adus precizri menite a nltura confuzia ntre operaiunea i contractulde franciz.

Conform unei opinii, definiia dat acordului de franciz de Regulamentul 4087/88relev urmtoarele caracteristici ale contractului: plata unei contraprestaiifinanciare directe ori indirecte, comunicarea unui know-how, asistena continu dinpunct de vedere tehnic sau comercial, aplicarea conceptului, n principal prinintermediul utilizrii mrcii comune i a organizrii uniforme a punctelor de desfacerea mrfii19. Conform aceluiai autor, definiia redat de Codul deontologic europeanrelev mai multe caracteristici ale contractului de franciz, respectiv: colaborarea

ntre ageni economici distinci i independeni, exploatarea de ctre francizat aactivitii n conformitate cu conceptul francizorului, o contribuie financiar directsau indirect, transferul know-how-ului prin intermediul metodelor comerciale sautehnice, aportul continuu n asisten comercial i/sau tehnic, un contract scris de

franciz20

. n ceea ce privete definiia dat de Liniile directoare francizei, acelaiautor afirm c aceasta reia caracterele anterior definite de ctre Regulamentul4087/8821.Trebuie observat c ceea ce este definit de ctre Codul deontologic european alfrancizei nu este contractul, ci conceptul de franciz, ca operaiune comercial carese desfoar n cadrul contractual stabilit de ctre pri n scopul desfurriioperaiunilor subsumate acestei operaiuni comerciale. A desprinde caracteristici alecontractului de franciz din definiia dat francizei operaiune comercial nupoate genera dect confuzii. Operaiunea comercial are caracterele sale, care nucorespund ntocmai cu cele ale contractului de franciz.Unele dintre caracteristicile contractului de franciz, aa cum au fost ele desprinsede autor, sunt caractere ale operaiunii comer-ciale, ele corespunznd cu obligaiile,respectiv drepturile care izvorsc din contract. Astfel, transferul know-how-ului esteobligaia care incumb francizorului, n schimbul acestui transfer beneficiind de ocontraprestaie financiar direct ori indirect care este obligaia francizatului;acordarea asistenei pe ntreaga durat a contractului este obligaia francizorului;exploatarea activitii conform conceptului francizorului este obligaia francizatului,de asemenea i desfurarea activitii sub marca francizorului. Caractere alecontractului de franciz, alturi de altele, neprecizate de ctre autor, sunt acela de afi un contract scris, precum i acela de a fi un contract de colaborare, ale crui prisunt comerciani independeni.

Contractul-model de franciz internaional redactat de Camera Internaional deComer din Paris (CCI) definete contractul de franciz ca fiind acordul prinintermediul cruia francizorul concedeaz francizatului, n schimbul unei prestaiifinanciare directe ori indirecte, dreptul de a exploata un ansamblu de drepturi deproprietate intelectual sau industrial constnd n principal din know -how, marc,emblem, dar i dreptul de a beneficia de asisten continu pe ntreaga durat acontractului22.
http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt19http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt19http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt19http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt20http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt20http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt20http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt21http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt21http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt21http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt22http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt22http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt22http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt22http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt21http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt20http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt19http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754


6/159

Trebuie, aadar, decelat ntre franciz, care este un sistem de comercializare, ntermenii O.G. nr. 52/1997 i ai Codului deontologic european al francizei, ori unansamblu de drepturi de proprietate intelectual i industrial, n termenii vechiuluiRegulament 4087/88, i contractul de franciz, care este acordul prin intermediulcruia sistemul de comercializare este pus n practic de ctre comerciani, care

confer dreptul de a exploata afacerea. Franciza este, aa cum s -a apreciat, unsistem de gestiune al societii comerciale23.

1J.-M. Leloup, op. cit., p. 10. nc anterior, n anul 1892, Singer Sewing MachineCompany, celebrul productor de maini de cusut, a dezvoltat o reea de vnzare aproduselor. Francizaii reelei Singercomercializau i asigurau service-ul mainilorde cusut. A se vedea: Ch. Matray, Le contrat de franchise, Ed. Maison Larcier,Bruxelles, 1992, p. 11; K. Illetschko, Franchising, Ed. Hodder Education, London,2006, p. 3.2Precum alimentaia public (restaurante), confecii, domeniul hotelier. A se vedeaPh. Bessis, Le contrat de franchisage, Notions actuelles et apport du droit europen,

LGDJ, Paris, 1990, p. 7.3 Societatea Bata, n Cehoslovacia, n anul 1925, iar n Frana, sub marca PingouinStemm, societatea La Lainire de Roubaixcomercializa fibre textile ntr-o modalitateasemntoare reelei de franciz, aa cum apare aceasta astzi.4 Denumirea complet a legii este Disclosure requirements and prohibitionsconcerning franchising and business opportunities ventures. Legea, avnd forajuridic a unei legi federale, a fost votat n anul 1978 de ctre Federal TradeCommission, dar a intrat n vigoare la 21 octombrie 1979, apoi a fost modificat nanul 1986 i are drept scop mpiedicarea viitorului francizat de a se afilia unei reeleimproprii, prin impunerea obligaiei francizorului de a-l ncunotina pe francizatasupra unor categorii de informaii. A se vedea D. Matray, Introduction gnrale, n

Le contrat de franchise, Sminaire organis Lige 2000, Bruylant, Bruxelles, 2001,p. 11. n prezent, unele state precum Marea Britanie, Italia, Germania, Frana aureglementri referitoare la franciz care se regsesc n acte normative ce nu se refer

ns exclusiv la acest contract; a se vedea R. Fabre, Rglementation lgislative ducontrat de franchise dans dautres pays, lesquisse dune philosophie, n Le contrat defranchise, Sminaire organis Lige 2000, Bruylant, Bruxelles, 2001, p. 105 i urm.5A se vedea: Ph. Bessis, op. cit., p. 9; Ch. Matray, op. cit., p. 11; Ph. le Tourneau,Les contrats de franchisage, Ed. Litec, Paris, 2003, p. 1; H. Benssousan, op. cit., p.10. Autorii explic originea verbului francher care, n franceza veche, nsemnaacordarea unui privilegiu, a unei autorizaii. n Evul mediu, n cazul n care se dorea ase susine dezvoltarea unor orae ori a unor bresle, acestora li se acordau scutiri sub

denumirea de chartes de franchiseori lettres de franchise.6n Italia, Portugalia, Brazilia denumirea este aceea defranchising; n Austria, Belgia,Bulgaria, Cehia, Danemarca, Elveia, Germania, Grecia, Marea Britanie, Olanda,Slovenia, Ungaria denumirea este aceea de franchise, iar n Spania franquicias(conform www.infofranchise.com). Interesant este cazul Franei unde, din anul 1975,s-a interzis folosirea termenilor strini n materie de vnzare, astfel c termenul de

franchisinga fost nlocuit cu acela defranchisage, care ns nu a fost folosit de ctre
http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=n5tv6njsl4ytsojx&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=n5tv6njsl4ytsojx&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=n5tv6njsl4ytsojx&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt23http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt23http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt23http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr1http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr1http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr3http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr3http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr4http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr4http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr5http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr5http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr6http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr6http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr6http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr5http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr4http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr3http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr1http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt23http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=n5tv6njsl4ytsojx&conversationId=163754


7/159

comerciani, acetia optnd n a denumi att operaiunea, ct i contractulfranchise.A se vedeaJ.-M. Leloup, op. cit., p. 10.7n 1972, Federaia Francez a Francizei a redactat un Cod deontologic, revizuit maiapoi n anul 1977 i n anul 1984. Tot n anul 1972 un numr de apte federaiinaionale de franciz au nfiinat Federaia European a Francizei care a redactat

Codul deontologic european al francizei, revizuit ulterior i supus aprobrii de ctreComisia European. Noul text al Codului deontologic european al francizei a intrat nvigoare n anul 1991, fiind ulterior revizuit n anul 1998 i n anul 2003. n prezent,Federaia European a Francizei reprezint 17 federaii naionale ale francizei. A sevedea www.eff-franchise.com. Pentru o analiz detaliat a Codului deontologiceuropean, a se vedea A. Lombart, Les codes de dontologie, n Le contrat defranchise, Sminaire organis Lige 2000, Bruylant, Bruxelles, 2001, p. 117.8JOCE L 13/39 din 15 ianuarie 1987.9 JOCE L 359 din 28 decembrie 1988. n forma sa din momentul adoptrii,Regulamentul prevedea exceptarea acordurilor de franciz de la aplicareadispoziiilor art. 85 parag. 3 al Tratatului CE, actual art. 81 parag. 1 al Tratatului. 10

JOCE L 336 din 29 decembrie 1999.11Art. 1 lit. a) dinO.G. nr. 52/1997.12Art. 7 pct. 14 dinLegea nr. 571/2003 (M. Of. nr. 927 din 23 decembrie 2003).13Codul deontologic european al francizei, art. 1 (www.eff-franchise.com).14Art. 1.3.a dinRegulamentul 4087/88.15Art. 1.3.b dinRegulamentul 4087/88.16 Liniile directoare pentru aplicarea Regulamentului 2790/99 (JOCE C 291 din 13octombrie 2000), pct. 199.17M. Of. nr. 437 din 17 mai 2004.18J.-M. Leloup, op. cit., p. 10.19A. Lombart, op. cit., p. 121.20

Ibidem, p. 120. Autorul apreciaz c, fa de definiia vechiului Regulament4087/88,Codul deontologic european al francizei aduce dou caracteristici n plus,respectiv colaborarea prilor i forma scris a contractului.21Ibidem, p. 122.22Contractul-model al CCI, publicaia nr. 557, 2000, Partea I, Introducere, pct. 3, p.9, apud Ph. le Tourneau, op. cit., p. 60.23J.-M. Leloup, op. cit., p. 11.

3

Tipuri de franciz30

30Aceast seciune va descrie succint categoriile de activiti francizabile, precum imodalitile n care se poate desfura activitatea francizabil, n scopul de a ntregiimaginea conceptului de franciz, obiectul lucrrii de fa nefiind studiul conceptuluide franciz, ci studiul contractului de franciz, ale crui trsturi vor fi comunetuturor tipurilor de francize.
http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr7http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr7http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr8http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr8http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr9http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr9http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr10http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr10http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr11http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr11http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=n5tv6njsl4ytsojx&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=n5tv6njsl4ytsojx&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr12http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr12http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=nr4f6njxgfptembqgm&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=nvxv6mrqgazv6ojsg4&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=nvxv6mrqgazv6ojsg4&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=nvxv6mrqgazv6ojsg4&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr13http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr13http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr14http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr14http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr15http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr15http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr16http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr16http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6mrxheyf6ojz&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6mrxheyf6ojz&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr17http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=nvxv6mrqga2f6nbtg4&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=nvxv6mrqga2f6nbtg4&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=nvxv6mrqga2f6nbtg4&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr18http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr18http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr19http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr19http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr20http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr20http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr21http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr21http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr22http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr22http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr23http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr23http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt30http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt30http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt30http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr30http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr30http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr30http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt30http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr23http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr22http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr21http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr20http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr19http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr18http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=nvxv6mrqga2f6nbtg4&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr17http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6mrxheyf6ojz&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr16http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr15http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr14http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr13http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=nvxv6mrqgazv6ojsg4&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=nr4f6njxgfptembqgm&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr12http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=n5tv6njsl4ytsojx&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr11http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr10http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr9http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr8http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzs&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnr7


8/159

n funcie de obiectul1lor, se disting trei tipuri de francize: franciza industria l carese refer la fabricarea de produse, franciza de distribuie care privete vnzareaproduselor i franciza de servicii care se refer la prestarea serviciilor 2.Franciza industrial sau de producie3a fost semnalat pentru prima dat n dreptulcomunitar de ctre Curtea de Justiie cu ocazia afacerii Pronuptia, cnd a fost

definit ca fiind acea form de franciz prin intermediul creia francizatul fabric elnsui, n conformitate cu indicaii oferite de ctre francizor, produse pe care lecomercializeaz sub marca francizorului4.Aadar, franciza industrial permite francizatului att a fabrica, ct i a comercializaproduse pe care le obine cu sprijinul francizorului care i comunic o serie deinformaii referitoare la procedeele de fabricaie, respectiv know-how-ul su, iliceniaz brevetul sau marca, i furnizeaz asisten tehnic 5.Datorit ambivalenei acestui tip de franciz, s-a apreciat n doctrin c ar trebuidenumit franciz de producie i comercializare 6 . ntr-adevr, denumirea astfelcum a fost impus, inclusiv prin Regulamentul 4087/88, este necorespunztoare,necircumscriindu-se ntregii categorii de operaiuni care pot fi desfurate prin acestsistem de comercializare.Avantajele pe care le obine fiecare dintre contractani la ncheierea unui astfel deacord sunt evidente: francizorul va proceda n acest fel la extinderea afacerii sale,chiar ntr-un teritoriu ndeprtat, fr a fi nevoie s mobilizeze sume n acest scop 7;francizatul, pe de alt parte, va beneficia de un veritabil salt tehnic 8. Desigur cdezavantajele vor fi direct proporionale cu avantajele create, cel puin pentrufrancizor care transfer un know-how important, riscnd astfel a-i fi dezvluitsecretul afacerii. Mai mult, francizorul va avea tot interesul de a urmri ca realizareaproduselor de ctre francizat s fie conform standardelor impuse, pentru a nu aduceatingere reputaiei mrcii. Drept urmare, n cazul acestui tip de franciz, esenial va

fi transmisiunea know-how-ului, respectiv protejarea acestuia.Franciza de distribuie, care n terminologia Regulamentului 4087/88 se refer lavnzarea produselor, a fost definit, de asemenea, cu ocazia afacerii Pronuptia, cafiind aceea n virtutea creia francizatul se limiteaz a vinde anumite produse ntr-un magazin, sub marca francizatului9.

n cadrul acestui tip de franciz, francizorul poate fi ori un productor care icomercializeaz astfel produsele, ori un distribuitor care achiziioneaz anumiteproduse pentru ca mai apoi s le revnd.Atunci cnd francizorul acioneaz n calitate de distribuitor, va avea la dispoziie treimodaliti de organizare a activitii de distribuire: s alctuiasc o list de produse 10 pe care s o comunice francizailor care vor face achiziiile, n conformitate curespectiva selecie, direct de la productori; s cumpere el nsui produsele n numepropriu i pe seama francizailor n acest caz, francizorul acioneaz ntocmaiprecum un comisionar, desfurnd activitatea care face obiectul unei centrale decumprare11; s cumpere n numele i pe seama sa produsele, pentru ca, mai apoi, sle revnd francizailor12. Aceste modaliti de desfurare a activitii francizoruluipot fi combinate ntre ele13.
http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt1http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt1http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt1http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt3http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt3http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt3http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt4http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt4http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt4http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt5http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt5http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt5http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt6http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt6http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt7http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt7http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt7http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt8http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt8http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt8http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt9http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt9http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt9http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt10http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt10http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt11http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt11http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt11http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt12http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt12http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt12http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt13http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt13http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt13http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt13http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt12http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt11http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt10http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt9http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt8http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt7http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?type=html&documentId=oj4f6nbqha3v6oby&conversationId=163754http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt6http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt5http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt4http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt3http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt2http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt1


9/159

Aa cum s-a apreciat n doctrin, know-how-ul francizorului consist, n cazul acestuitip de franciz, n selecionarea produselor14. Aadar, are o mai mic importan ncazul acestui tip de franciz transmisiunea know-how-ului, n contrapondere cuobligaia francizorului de a-l aproviziona pe francizat. Desigur c francizatul vadesfura activitile de comercializare n conformitate cu standardele impuse de

ctre francizor, care va acorda asistena necesar amenajrii magazinelorfrancizailor si.S-a observat c se poate renuna la punctele de comercializare ale produselor,vnzarea fcndu-se direct la client, fr ca modali-tatea de desfurare a activitiis se situeze n afara ariei francizei. n acest caz, franciza de distribuie estedenumit franciz mobil ori ambulant 15. Putem semnala o varietate a acestui tipde franciz i pe piaa romneasc, desfurat prin intermediulreelelor de tip multilevel marketing i care angreneaz, ntr-un sistem piramidal, o ntreag reea dedistribuitori16.Aceast form de franciz este cea mai rspndit. Trebuie ns precizat c, deireprezint, totodat, i cea mai simpl form de activitate francizabil17, nu trebuie

a se confunda franciza de distribuie atunci cnd francizorul este productorulproduselor astfel comercializate cu franciza de producie ori industrial. Ceea cetrebuie analizat este sistemul care va fi pus la dispoziia francizatului i care esteunul de distribuire a produselor, iar nu de fabricare a acestora 18 . ntr-adevr, ncazul n care francizorul este i productor, dar i promotorul unei reele dedistribuire a propriilor produse, acesta ntrunete dou caliti care ns nu se vorprelungi la fel nspre francizai. Nimic nu-l mpiedic pe francizor s dezvolte o reeade producie, deci o reea de franciz industrial alturi de reeaua de franciz prinintermediul creia i comercializeaz produsele. Cele dou reele sunt distincte prinobiectul lor de activitate, drept urmare prin know-how-ul transmis, precum i prinasistena acordat.Franciza de servicii a fost, la fel ca celelalte tipuri de francize, definit de ctreCurtea de Justiie a Comunitilor Europene cu ocazia afacerii Pronuptia ca fiindaceea n virtutea creia francizatul ofer un serviciu sub marca francizorului i nconformitate cu dispoziiile acestuia19.Franciza de servicii este considerat a fi figura-tipic a francizei 20, aici calitateaknow-how-ului fiind esenial pentru reuita afacerii 21. Nu mai puin importante sunt

ns, n cazul francizei de servicii, i calitile francizailor, care trebuie s aibcapacitatea de a-i nsui know-how-ul transmis i de a-l pune n practic ntocmaifrancizorului 22 . Diferena fa de franciza industrial, dar i fa de franciza dedistribuie este c, n mod constant n sectorul serviciilor, trebuie adoptat o poziie

standard de ctre francizai, ceea ce va determina o atenie deosebit n pregtireaacestora23.Mai mult, dac n cadrul francizei industriale investiiile fcute de ctre francizaisunt ridicate, n cadrul francizei de servicii situaia nu este similar, francizaii, odatce au deprins tehnica francizorului, putnd prsi fr reinerile de ordin financiar pecare le-ar fi justificat reeaua n cazul francizei industriale. n scopul de a mpiedicadezavuarea know-how-ului, francizorul trebuie s introduc n contract clauze pentruprotejarea acestuia, precum clauza de non-concuren.
http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt14http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt14http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt14http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt15http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt15http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt15http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt16http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt16http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt16http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt17http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt17http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt17http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt18http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt18http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt19http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt19http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt19http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt20http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt20http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt20http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt21http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt21http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt21http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt22http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt22http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt23http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt23http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt23http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt23http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt22http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt21http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt20http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt19http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt18http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt17http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt16http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt15http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt14


10/159

Pe de alt parte, tot datorit specificului activitii de prestri de servicii, francizaiivor avea nevoie n permanen de asisten din partea francizorului, care, la rndulsu, are interesul de a controla dac membrii reelei desfoar activitatea care faceobiectul fran-cizei n conformitate cu standardele impuse i fr a aduce, deci,atingere imaginii mrcii24.

Aa cum s-a apreciat n doctrin, deosebirea ntre franciza de distribuie i francizade servicii rezid n natura produsului oferit, care n cazul francizei de distribuieconst din bunuri materiale, iar n cazul francizei de servicii, n prestaii specifice25.

n dreptul romn, niciunul dintre actele normative care fac referire la franciz nucuprinde o clasificare a acesteia n funcie de obiectul activitii desfurate, dar,avnd n vedere universalitatea activitilor economice, aceast clasificare va operaidentic i pentru spaiul romn.

n situaia n care promotorul unei reele de franciz dorete s-i extind activitatea,respectiv reeaua ntr-o arie teritorial ndeprtat i care cuprinde un teritoriuextins, o poate face inclusiv prin intermediul francizei principale, (master franchise

n terminologia anglo-saxon26).Vechiul Regulament comunitar 4087/88 definea acordul de franciz principal ca fiindacela prin intermediul cruia un comerciant, francizorul, acord altuia, francizatulprincipal, n schimbul unei compensaii financiare directe sau indirecte dreptul de aexploata o franciz n vederea ncheierii de contracte de franciz cu teri, francizaii 27, n timp ce Codul deontologic european al francizei precizeaz doar c nu se aplicdect n relaiile dintre francizatul principal i francizai, nu i ntre francizor ifrancizatul principal 28 . Noua reglementare comunitar doar trimite la termenul defranciz principal, la fel ca legislaia romn, fr a o defini29.Aadar, franciza principal nglobeaz mai multe contracte de franciz: unul ntrefrancizorul care dorete s-i extind reeaua, contractnd n acest scop cu un

comerciant de pe piaa unde dorete a-i implanta afacerea30

, i mai multe contractede franciz ncheiate ntre francizatul principal i francizai. Aceste din urmcontracte vor avea fizionomia specific acordurilor de franciz.

n ceea ce privete acordul ntre francizor i francizatul principal, situaia estediferit, francizatul principal avnd un rol deosebit n derularea operaiuniifrancizabile, fiind responsabil de adaptarea i de implementarea conceptului peteritoriul unde i desfoar activitatea, care, n general, se refer la un ntregteritoriu naional. Francizatul principal, fiind prelungirea francizorului nrespectivul teritoriu, va avea i exclusivitate teritorial n aria geografic stabilit dectre pri31. Diligena n alegerea francizatului principal trebuie s fie cu att maisporit cu ct francizorului i va fi dificil a urmri desfurarea activitii din cauza

ndeprtrii.O alt form de franciz, este franciza de stand, denumit i corner franchise,franciz de tejghea ori franciz parial32.Activitatea care face obiectul francizei de stand se desfoar doa r ntr-o parte amagazinului unde francizatul comercializeaz i alte produse, aceast form defranciz pretndu-se doar atunci cnd franciza are ca obiect comercializarea deproduse, deci n cadrul unei francize de distribuie 33 . Desigur c, ntocmai oricrui
http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt24http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt24http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt24http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt25http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt25http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt25http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt26http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt26http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt26http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt27http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt27http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt28http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt28http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt29http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt29http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt29http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt30http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt30http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt30http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt31http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt31http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt31http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt32http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt32http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt32http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt33http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt33http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt33http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt33http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt32http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt31http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt30http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt29http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt28http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt27http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt26http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt25http://www.legalis.ro/legalis/document-view.seam?documentId=mvrg633ll44toobzg4ztcmjvgi3dins7mnqxa2lun5wf62k7obqxeylhojqwmxzt&type=html&conversationId=163754#fnt24


11/159

alt tip de franciz, francizorul va trebui s aib u

Date post:	04-Jun-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	alexutza-kiss
View:	231 times
Download:	0 times