+ All Categories
Home > Documents > CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

Date post: 05-Jan-2016
Category:
Upload: mariaalexandrov
View: 222 times
Download: 0 times
Share this document with a friend
27
UNIVERSITATEA VALAHIA DIN TÂRGOVIŞTE MASTER-METODE FIZICO-CHIMICE DE ANALIZĂ ŞI CONTROL A CALITĂ ŢII VIEŢII ŞI A MEDIULUI METODE DE SEPARARE COORDONATOR: CONF. DR. TANŢA SETNESCU MASTERAND: CIOCĂU CONSTANŢA- MARIA 1
Transcript
Page 1: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 1/27

UNIVERSITATEA VALAHIA DIN TÂRGOVIŞTE

MASTER-METODE FIZICO-CHIMICE DE ANALIZĂ ŞICONTROL A CALITĂŢII VIEŢII ŞI AMEDIULUI

METODE DE SEPARARE

COORDONATOR:CONF. DR. TANŢA SETNESCU

MASTERAND:

CIOCĂU CONSTANŢA-MARIA

1

Page 2: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 2/27

CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE

Crom!o"r# $% "&% r%'r%&()! *% !%+)(**rom!o"r#* *% ,!((&%& o & mo/( "&o0 0( o &

0!!(o)r (*+($ 0, 0o($. E0!% *% m( ,!((&! !%+)(**rom!o"r#* $%or%*% 'r%&()! o 0%r(% $% 2)!3% *r% 4(*o)%r o $'!/((!!% $%o0%/(! 'ro/%m%% *r% 'o! 'r%

 4) !(m', )(&%( m%0!%*,r(or *om'%5% $%*om'o)%)!%.A0!% 'r() ,!((&r% ,),( "& $r%'! & mo/( 0% r%(&%&,) !r)0%r $%m0 r'($ 4)!r% & mo/( 0( & 0!!(o)r*%% *% '%rm(!% 0!/((r% %*+((/r%or $%$(0!r(/,!(% $% m,!% or(

 4)!r-,) ()!%r2 0*,r! $% !(m' 0( o/!()%r% ,)or 0%'rr( %#*(%)!%

*or%!% *, !(m' $% )(& r%$,0. V60*o&(!!% 0*&,! "%&%or '%rm(!% ,!((&r% ,)or *oo)% ,)"( 0( 4)",0!% 0( 4)*o)0%*()! *r%0!%r% ),mr,,( $% !%r% !%or%!(*%. F& mo/(#()$ ,) "& ()%r! $,' 0%'rr% *om'o)%)!%% 'o! # ,0or$%!%*!!% $%or%*% & mo/( ), ()!%r%r $%!%*!(%. D*%0!% *&, *om'o)%)!%% 0%'r!% 'o! # )(&!% 0,'(m%)!r'r() m%!o$% 0'%*!ro0*o'(*% *,m r # 0'%*!rom%!r( $% m00, 0'%*!roo!om%!r( 4) IR.S()",r%% (m(!r( % *rom!o"r#%(

$% "&% 0,)! $%!%rm()!% $% 2o!((!!% 'r% 0*&,! 0,()0!/((!!% !%rm(* *om'o)%)!%or )(&!%. Ş( *%0!%$%&2)!3% 'o! # 4)0 (m(!!% $% %5%m', 'r() !r)0ormr%*om',0(or r%0'%*!(2( 4) $%r(2!( *r% 0 (/ 2o!((!!% m(mr%. T%+)(* 0% ),m%0!% $%r(2!(&r% 0( %0!% r" ,!((&! 4)*rom!o"r# $% "&%.

Com'r!(2 *, !% m%!o$% *rom!o"r# 4) &7 "&o07(m',)% 'r() 2)!3%% $%o0%/(! $% (m'or!)!% '% *r% %'r%&()!7: %#*(%)87 0%%*!(2(!!% 9( r'($(!!%. A*%0!% 2)!3%

Page 3: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 3/27

'ro2() $() 'ro'r(%!78(% "&%or 9( ),m% $!or(!7 260*o&(!78(( orm(*( *r% o%r7 2(!%&% mr( 0!/((r% %*+((/r,,( $%$(0!r(/,8(%. V60*o&(!!% r%$,07 '%rm(!% oo0(r% *oo)%or,)"( r($(*6)$ 0!% %#**(!!% 'ro*%$%,,( (r !()"%r%

r'($7 %*+((/r,,( $% $(0!r(/,8(% ()!%r&(*7 'r%0,',)%r%&(0!%)87 m(*7 !r)0%r, $% m07 *%% *% *% 'o0(/(72(!%& mr% $% ;,5.

1. APARATURĂ

1.1. S*+%m "%)%r7

E5(0!7 o 2r(%!!% $% !(',r( $% 'r!% $% $(%r(!%

*o'%5(!78( 4)07 '7r8(% 'r()*('% *o)0!(!,!(2% r7m6) *om,)%.S*+%m "%)%r7

,),( *rom!o"r $% "&%:

1-/,!%( *, "& ',r!7!or< -r%$,*!or $% 'r%0(,)%< =-,0*7!or-',r(#*!or $% 'r%0(,)%< >-*o)!ro #)< ?-$%/(!m%!r,< @-

m)om%!r,< -$(0'o&(!2 '%)!r, ()!ro$,*%r% 'ro/%(< B-*oo)7<-!%rmo0!!< 1-$%!%*!or< 11-4)r%"(0!r!or.

G&, ',r!7!or ()%r! 'ro2%)(! $() /,!%(% !r%*% 'r()$(0'o&(!(2% $% ',r(#*r% r%"r% 9( m70,rr% 'r%0(,)(( 'o()!r%)6)$ 'ro/ ()!r7 4) *oo)7 ,)$% r% o* 'ro*%0, $%0%'rr%. Com'o)%)8(( 0%'r8( '7r70%0* *oo) 4)0o8(8( $%"&, ',r!7!or 9( '7!r,)$ 4) $%!%*!or *r% %m(!% 0%m)%!r)0m(0% 4)r%"(0!r!or,,(. Co)0!(!,%)8(( 'ro/%( 0% 'o! r%*,'%r

'r() *o)$%)0r% 4) ),m(!% !r'% $% r7*(r%< *%0!7 ,!(m7

=

Page 4: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 4/27

o'%r8(% 0% %%*!,%&7 4) 0*o',r( 'r%'r!(2% 0, '%)!r, 0,',)% *om'o)%)8(( ,)or ()2%0!("7r( 0,'(m%)!r%.

1.. A)0m/, $% (m%)!r% *, "& ',r!7!or

) *rom!o"r# $% "&% 0,)! oo0(!% ,rm7!or%% "&%',r!7!or%: +($ro"%), +%(, &o!, r"o), 9( /(o5($, $%*r/o) *r% 4) "%)%r0,)! 0,#*(%)! $% ',r%. C6)$ *om'o)%)8(( 'ro/%( 0,)! 0%)0(/((87 $% '7 0, o5("%) *%0!% !r%/,(% 4)$%'7r!!%. P%)!r, o,0*r% /,)7 %0!% 0,#*(%)!7 !r%*%r% "&,,( 'r()!r-o *oo)7 $%,0*r% 4)()!% $% ()!r 4) *oo) $% 0%'rr%. Coo) 'o!% #,m',!7 *, $(%r(!% 0,/0!)8% +("ro0*o'(*% *,m 0,)!: 0((*"%,'%r*or!, $% m")%&(, 0(!% mo%*,r%. )$%'7r!r%o5("%),,( $() "&, ',r!7!or 0% r%(&%&7 'r() !r%*%r% "&,,('r() #!r% 0'%*(% 0, 'r()!r-,) !,/ *r% *o)8()% o5($ $%m)").

) 0%'rr% *rom!o"r#*7 %0!% o/("!or(% m%)8()%r%,),( $%/(! *o)0!)! $% "& ',r!7!or 4) )(& *(!!(27 9( m(%0 *)!(!!(27. D%/(!, $% "& 0% *o)!ro%&7 *, ,)m)om%!r, $(%r%)8( mo)!! (%9(r% $() 'r!.Ro!m%!r%% ), 0,)! r%*om)$!% '%)!r, *%0! 0*o' $%or%*%), 0,)! 0,#*(%)! $% 0%)0(/(%.

N!,r "&,,( ',r!7!or r% ();,%)97 0,'r

'%rorm)8%or *oo)%( r%;%*!!% 4) 0'%*( 'r() *!or(( $%%#*(%)87 9( $% r'($(!!%.

Vr(8( 4)78(m(( !%r,,( !%or%!(*: *,r/% !('(*% 2)D%%m!%r '%)!r, &o! 9( +%(,

>

Page 5: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 5/27

S% 'o!% o/0%r2 *7 &o!,o%r7 o 2or% H m( m(*7$%*6! +%(, $r '%)!r, o2(!%&7 ()%r(or7. D%or%*%

$(%r%)8 4) H ), %0!% 'r%mr% +%(, %0!% 'r%%r!'%)!r, r'($(!!% m( %0 *72r(8( ), 'r%&()!7 o ')!7

'r% /r,'!7 *%% *% 'r%0,',)% 'o0(/((!!% ()!ro$,*%r(( ,)%(2(!%&% 0,'%r(or% *%%( o'!(m% 7r7 mo$(#*7r( 0%)0(/(% 4)%#*(%)87.

1.=. Coo)% $% 0%'rr% *rom!o"r#*%

 Coo)% *rom!o"r#*%

Coo) r%'r%&()!7 'r!% *% m( (m'or!)!7 ,),(*rom!o"r #()$ 0%$(, 'ro*%0,,( $% 0%'rr%. P%)!r, *0%'rr% 07 #% %#*(%)!7!r%/,(% 07 #% %0% 4) mo$*or%0',)&7!or &%% *rom!o"r#*% 4) *&, *rom!o"r#%( $%"&% *%0!7 %"%r% 0%r%%r7 & 0!8(o)r7 $(m%)0(,)(%*oo)%( 2(!%& &%( mo/(% 9( !%m'%r!,r $%)(&.Coo)%% *rom!o"r#*% 0,)! $% $o,7 !(',r(: *0(*%*, ,m',!,r7 9( *'(r%.

 Coo)% *, ,m',!,r7

A, $(m%!r, ()!%r(or *,'r()0 4)!r% 9( B mm ,&, > mm9( ,)"(m% 4)!r% ?-= m.S% 'o! *o)%*8(o) $() o8% ()o5($/(0!(* m0% '0!(*% (r orm *oo)%or 'o!% # 4) orm7 $% U4) *&, *oo)%or 0*,r!% 0, 0'(r7.

?

Page 6: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 6/27

 

F(".1.=.1. Coo) *rom!o"r#*7 *, ,m',!,r7

Coo)%% *o)%*8(o)!% $() 0!(*7 , 2)!3, *7 '%rm(!o/0%r2r% 2(&,7 )%r%",r(!78(or $% 9%&r% ,m',!,r(("o,r( *r7'7!,r( 0, %2%)!,%( $%!%r(or7r( ,m',!,r((. A,

 4)07 $%&2)!3, *7 $() *,& r(/((!78(( 0!(*%( *o)%*!r% '7r8(% m%!(*% % 'r!,,( %0!% m( $(#*(7. Coo)%% $()o8% ()o5($/( 0,)! *%% m( ,!((&!%. E% 0% 'o! *o)%*8(o) 9(

 4) 2r()! 'r%'r!(27 26)$ ,)"(m( *,'r()0% 4)!r% 1-> m 9($(m%!r, ()!%r(or $% ? *m. A*%0!% '%rm(! )(& ,)or

2o,m% $% 'ro/7 m( mr( $% 1 m.Pr%'rr% ,)%( *oo)% *0(*% '%)!r, *rom!o"r#

"&-(*+($ 'r%0,',)% ,rm7!or%% o'%r8((:

-$%',)%r% &%( 0!8(o)r%<

 -,m'%r% *oo)%(<

 -*o)$(8(o)r% *oo)%(.

  D%',)%r% &%( 0!8(o)r% 0% *% 'r() *6)!7r(r%*)!(!78(or *or%0',)&7!or% $% 0,'or! 9( & 0!8(o)r7 *r%,rm%&7 07 #% $%',07 *o)orm *o)*%)!r8(%( '% 0,'or!0!/((!% ,rm!7 $% $(&o2r% &%( 0!8(o)r% 4)!r-,) 0o2%)!2o!( 'o!r(2(! !o,%) *%!o)7 !%!r*or,r7 $% *r/o) %!*..So,8( $% &7 0!8(o)r7 0% m%0!%*7 'o( *, 0,'or!,(r $()0,0'%)0( o/8(),!7 0% %2'or7 4)*%! 0o2%)!, 4)!r-,)%2'or!or ro!!(2 $% 2($ & 0!8(o)r7 r7m6)6)$ !9!7 $%0,'or!.   Um'%r% *oo)%( 0% *%

@

Page 7: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 7/27

'r() ()!ro$,*%r% ,m',!,r(( o/8(),!% 'r() $%',)%r% &%(0!8(o)r% '% 0,'or! ,) *'7! *oo)%( *%7! *'7!'(*6)$,-0% ,) 2($ ), or!% 4)()!! !rom' $% '7 $%%5%m',. E2($%)! *7 *'7!, *r% 0% '(*7 2($, !r%/,(% 07

%5(0!% o 0(!7 0, ! o'r(!or '%)!r, * ,m',!,r 0 r7m6)7 4)*oo)7. P%)!r, 2or(& 9%&r% *om'*!7 ,m',!,r((*oo) 0% /!% 0, 0% 2(/r%&7 4) !(m', ,m'%r((. Co)!ro,,m'%r(( %0!% m( ,9or $% r%(&! 4) *&, *oo)%or $() 0!(*7.

Co)$(8(o)r% *oo)%( 0% r%(&%&7 'r() m%)!()%r%*oo)%( !(m' $% *% ',8() 1 or% o !%m'%r!,r7 0(!,!7 *,'ro5(m!(2 ?-1C m( 3o0 $%*6! !%m'%r!,r m5(m7 $m(07'%)!r, & 0!!(o)r7 r%0'%*!(27. ) !(m', *o)$(8(o)7r(( *'7!,

$()0'r% $%!%*!or *oo)%( ), 0% *o)%*!%&7 'r! (r 'r()*oo)7 !r%/,(% 07 !r%*7 ,) $%/(! m(* $% "& ',r!7!or.

Coo)% *'(r%

Dr%'! *oo)% *'(r% 0,)! *o)0($%r!% *%% *oo)% *7ror $(m%!r, ()!%r(or %0!% m( m(* $% 1 mm. ) mo$ o/(9),(!%% 0% *o)%*8(o)%&7 *, $(m%!r% $% ? = 0, ?= mm(r ,)"(m% %0!% 4) mo$ ,&, *,'r()07 4)!r% 1? 0( ? m.M!%r(, $% *o)0!r,*8(% *% m( ,!((&! %0!% 0!(* 4)07 %5(0!79( *oo)% *'(r% *o)%*8(o)!% $() o8% ()o5($/(. ) *&,*oo)%or *'(r% & 0!8(o)r7 0% $%',)% 4) 0!r! or!%0,/8(r% '% '%r%!%% ()!%r(or *oo)%( mo!(2 '%)!r, *r%

*%0!% *oo)% 0,)! $%),m(!% 9( *oo)% !,/,r% $%0*+(0%.P%)!r, *r%9!%r% ,)(orm(!78(( 9( $%r%)8%( &%( 0!8(o)r%'%r%!%% ()!%r(or !,/,,( *'(r 0% 'o!% !r! *+(m(* 0, 0%'o!% $%',)% ,) 0!r! or!% 0,/8(r% $% 0,'or!.

Page 8: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 8/27

F(".1.=..Coo) *'(r7

C% m( (m'or!)!7 o'%r8(% $% *r% $%'()$ () mr%m0,r7 '%rorm)8%% *oo)%(%0!% $%',)%r% '%(*,%( $% &70!8(o)r7 '% '%r%!%% ()!%r(or !,/,,( *'(r. A*%0!7$%',)%r% 0% 'o!% *% 'r() $o,7 m%!o$%: m%!o$ 0!!(*7 9(

m%!o$ $()m(*7. M%!o$ 0!!(*7 *o)0!7 4) ,m'%r% *oo)%( *, o 0o,8(% *%

*o)8()% *)!(!!% *or%0',)&7!or% 4)!r% 1-1 $% &0!8(o)r7 $(&o2!7 4)!r-,) 0o2%)! 'o!r(2(! 4) "%)%r *or,r$% m%!(%) $,'7 *r% 0% 07 07 0% %2'or% 0o2%)!, (r &0!!(o)r7 r7m6)% !9!7 $% '%r%!%% *oo)%(. D%&2)!3,*%0!%( m%!o$% %0!% * "ro0(m% #m,,( $% &7 0!8(o)r7 ),%0!% ,)(orm7.

 M%!o$ $()m(*7 *o)0!7 4) !r%*%r% ,)%( 0o,8(( $% &70!8(o)r7 *, *o)*%)!r8( $% 'ro5(m!(2 1 4) CHC 'r()*oo)7 0,/ *8(,)% 'r%0(,)(( ,),( "& ()%r! '6)7 ,m'%r%*om'%!7 *oo)%( $,'7 *r% (*+($, 0% %2*,%&7 !o! 0,/*8(,)% 'r%0(,)(( $% "& (r o 'r!% $() & 0!8(o)r7 rm6)%!9!7 $% '%r%!%% *oo)%(. ) *o)!(),r% 0% 0,;7 "& ()%r!'r() *oo)7 '6)7 %(m()r% *om'%!7 0o2%)!,,( 9( 0%

$%!%rm()7 *)!(!!% $% &7 0!8(o)r7 r%8(),!7 'r()*6)!7r(r%.

B

Page 9: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 9/27

 I)!ro$,*%r% 'ro/%or 4) *oo) *rom!o"r#*7

M%!o$ ,!((&!7 '%)!r, ()!ro$,*%r% 'ro/%( $%'()$% $%0!r% $% "r%"r% 4) *r% 0% "70%9!% 'ro/: "&o07 (*+($70, 0o($7. E0!% ()$(*! 4) !o!% *&,r(% * ()!ro$,*%r% 'ro/%(07 (/7 o* 4)!r-,) !(m' *6! m( 0*,r!. Mr(m% 'ro/%or 2r(&7

 4)!r% m( ',!() $% 1J" 4) *&, *oo)%or *'(r% 0( or$(),"rm%or 4) *&, *oo)%or 'r%'r!(2%.

 Pro/%% "&o0% 0,)! ()!ro$,0% *, 3,!or, ,)or 0%r()"(0'%*(% r%&(0!%)!% 'r%0(,)% 0, oo0()$ $(0'o&(!(2% 0'%*(%*r% *o)0!, $()!r-,) ro/()%! *, m( m,!% *( 0( o /,*7*(/r!7 #".1.=.=.. A*%0!% $(0'o&(!(2% '%rm(! ()!ro$,*%r% ,),(2o,m *,)o0*,! $% 'ro/7 4) *oo)7 'r()!r-o 0()",r7 m(9*r% ro!or,,( ro/()%!,,( r7 0% o'r( ;,5, "&,,( ',r!7!or.

) 'o&(!( $% 4)*7r*r% 4) *oo) ()!r7 $or &mo/(7 4) !(m' *% 'ro/ "&o07 *r% 2()% $()!r-,) r%*('(%)!

0,/ 'r%0(,)% ,m'% *om'%! /,* *(/r!7 (r %5*%0, %0!%%2*,! 4) !mo0%r7. D,'7 !r%*%r ro!or,,( '% 'o&(!( $%)(&7 & mo/(7 ()!r7 4) /,* ,)$% 'r%( 'ro/ '% *r% o()!ro$,*% 4) *oo)7. ) *%0! !(m' ;,5, "&o0 $% 'ro/7 %0!%%2*,! 4) !mo0%r7. D,'7 !%rm()r% )(&%( 0% !r%*% $() )o,'% 'o&(!( $% 4)*7r*r% 0( 0% ()!ro$,*% 4) /,*7 o *)!(!!% $%'ro/7.

Page 10: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 10/27

F(".1.=.=. D(0'o&(!(2 '%)!r, ()!ro$,*%r% 'ro/%(

1

Page 11: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 11/27

F(".1.=.>. Cm%r $% 2'or(&r% ,),( *rom!o"r *,*oo) *'(r7 'r%27&,!7 *, $(0'o&(!(2 $% $(2(&r% 'ro/%(0'(!r%

Pro/%% (*+($% 0,)! ()!ro$,0% 4) *oo)7 *, 3,!or, ,)orm(*ro0%r()"( 26)$ 4) mo$ ,&, *'*(!!% $% 1 ? 0, 1J.E% !r%/,(% $,0% 4) 0!r% $% 2'or( *%% *% 0% r%(&%&7 'r()()3%*!r% 4)!r -o *m%r7 $% 2'or(&r% 0, ()3%*!or *r% 0%

"70%9!% 4)()!% *oo)%( 9( *r% %0!% 4)*7&(!7 o !%m'%r!,r7'ro"rm!7. I)3%*!r% 0% *% 'r()!r-,) $o' $% *,*(,* 0((*o)(*),m(! 0%'!,m *r% r%(&%&7 (&or% ()3%*!or,,( $% m%$(,%5!%r(or F(",r 1.=.>.. To! 4) *m%r $% 2'or(&r% 0% ()!ro$,*%9( "&, ',r!7!or *r% 'r%( 'ro/ 2'or(&!7 9( o !r)0'or!7'r() *oo)7.

Pro/%% 0o($% 0,)! ()!ro$,0% 4) *oo)7 !o! 'r() ()3%*!r%

*, m(*ro0%r()"( $,'7 *% , o0! $(&o2!% 4)!r-,) 0o2%)!$%*2!. ) *&, or 4)07 !r%/,(% 2,! "r(37 * 'ro/ 07 0%2'or(&%&% !%m'%r!,r ()3%*!or,,( !% )(& ), 2 #'o0(/(7 0,/0!)8%% *, ',)*! $% #%r/%r% or!% r($(*! 0, *r%0% $%0*om',) 4)()!% $% #%r/%r% )%',!6)$ # )(&!% 'r()*rom!o"r#% $% "&%.

E5(0!7 *rom!o"r% *r% 0- r%),)!! *m%r $%2'or(&r% ()3%*!r% 'ro/%( r%(&6)$,-0% $(r%*! 4) 'r!%0,'%r(or7 *oo)%( *r% %0!% 4)*$r!7 $% o r%&(0!%)87 $%

 4)*7&(r% 0( 3o*7 ro, ()3%*!or,,(. A*%0!7 !%+)(*7 0% ),m%0!%o)-*o,m) 9( *, 3,!or, %( 0% %(m()7 2o,m, mor!*or%0',)&7!or *m%r%( $% 2'or(&r% *r% 'o!% ();,%)!)%"!(2 )(& m( %0 !,)*( *6)$ 2o,m, 'ro/%( ()3%*!!%%0!% or!% m(*.

) *&, *oo)%or *'(r% 0% oo0%0* )(0!% $(0'o&(!(2% $%

()3%*!r% 0'%*(% *r% '%rm(! $(2(&r% 0'(!r% 'ro/%(*%

11

Page 12: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 12/27

m( mr% 'r!% #()$ %2*,!7 4) !mo0%r7 9( $or o m(*7 'r!%$% 1K1 1K? 4) mo$ ,&, #()$ ()!ro$,07 4) *oo)7.

D% 0%m%)% 4) *&, 'r!%or mo$%r)% $%0!()!%

)(&%( ,),( mr% ),m7r $% 'ro/% 0% ,!((&%&7 $(0'o&(!(2% $%()3%*!r% ,!om!7 ,!o0m'%r *r% 0% 'o! !9 *rom!o"r 0( '%rm(! )(& ,!om!7 ,),( mr% ),m7r $%'ro/% r7 ()!%r2%)8( o'%r!or,,(. ) *&, 'ro/%or *r% ),0,)! 0!/(% !%rm(* , 2o!((!!% 0*7&,!7 0, 'r%&()!7 '(*,r($%orm!% *, *o$7 !(()" 0% 'ro*%$%&7 !r)0ormr%or *+(m(*7 4) $%r(28( *r% 07 ), m( (/7 *%0!% ()*o)2%)(%)!%.Pro*%$%, 0% ),m%9!% $%r(2!(&r% 9( m%!o$%% '(*!% *6! 0(

r%*!(2(( $% $%r(2!(&r% ,!((&8( 0,)! $% o mr% $(2%r0(!!%$%'()&6)$ $% )!,r *om',0,,( )(&!. U) $()!r% m%!o$%%$% $%r(2!(&r% *%% m( ,!((&!% %0!% 0()(&r%. 

1.>. D%!%*!or% oo0(!% 4) *rom!o"r# $% "&%

D%!%*!or, r%'r%&()!7 $,'7 *oo) *rom!o"r#*7 *%m( (m'or!)!7 'r!% ,),( *rom!o"r % r%(&6)$ ',)%r%

 4) %2($%)!7 *om'o)%)!%or 0%'r!% 0,/ orm ,)or 0%m)%%%*!r(*% *r% 'o! # ()!%"r!% 0, 4)r%"(0!r!%.

D() ',)*! $% 2%$%r% 0%m)%or '% *r% % %m(!$%!%*!or%% 'o! # $% $o,7 !(',r(: ()!%"r% 0( $(%r%)8(%.

  D%!%*!or%% ()!%"r%-%m(! 0%m)% *or%0',)&7!or%

m0%( !o!% *om'o)%)!%or *r% 3,)" 4) $%!%*!or*rom!o"rm%% #()$ )(9!% *,r/% 4) !r%'!%. A*%0!% !(',r( ), m(0,)! ,!((&!% or *!,7 4) 'r*!(* *rom!o"r#*7.

  D%!%*!or%% $(%r%)8(%-%m(! 0%m)% 4) ,)*8(% $%2r(8( ,)%( ),m(!% 'ro'r(%!78( '% m70,r7 *% *om'o)%)!3,)"% 4) $%!%*!or #%*7r%( *om'o)%)!% *or%0',)&6)$,-( ,)0%m) ()$(2($,. Crom!o"rm 0% 'r%&()!7 4) *%0! *& * o

0,**%0(,)% $% '(*,r( $% %,!(% $% !(' ",00() *o)*%)!r8(#%*7r%( *om'o)%)!% #()$ 'ro'or8(o)7 *, r( '(*,,(

1

Page 13: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 13/27

07,.D%!%*!or%% $(%r%)8(% 0% 'o! *0(#* r6)$, or 4),)*8(% $% 0%)0(/((!!% or *o)*%)!r8( 0, $%/(!, $%m07 *om',0,,( )(&!.

D,'7 ,) ! *r(!%r(, $%!%*!or%% 0% *0(#*7 4) ,)(2%r0%9( 0'%*(#*%.

 D%!%*!or%% ,)(2%r0% -0,)! 0%)0(/(% ,) ),m7r mr%$% *om',9( 4) !(m' *% *%% 0'%*(#*% 0,)! 0%)0(/(% $or ),m8!( *om',9( r%0'%*!(2 ),m(!% "r,'% ,)*8(o)% 0,%"7!,r( $() 0!r,*!,r *%0!or. D()!r% $%!%*!or%% ,)(2%r0%0% 'o! m()!( $%!%*!or, $% *o)$,*!(2(!!% !%rm(*7 $%!%*!or,*, (o)(&r% 4) ;*7r7 $%!%*!or, *, 0'%*!rom%!r, $% m07 (r$() *!%"or( *%or 0'%*(#*% $%!%*!or, *, *'!,r7 $% %%*!ro)($%!%*!or, *, ;*7r7 *()7 0, $%!%*!or, N&o!-Po0or$%!%*!or, ;mo!om%!r(* %!*.

 Cr(!%r(( $% 'r%*(%r% '%rorm)8%or $%!%*!or%or

  Pr()*('(, $% *o)0!r,*8(% 9( ,)*8(o)r% $%!%*!or%or#()$ %5!r%m $% $(%r(!*om'r8( '%rorm)8%or *%0!or %0!%$(#*(7. E5(0!7 !o!,9( ),m(!% *r(!%r(( "%)%r% *r% '%rm(! o%2,r% '%rorm)8%or ,),( $%!%*!or.

.R70',)0, $%!%*!or,,(-0% $%#)%9!% 'r() ()!%)0(!!%0%m),,( "%)%r! $% o ),m(!7 *)!(!!% $% 0o,! *r% 3,)"%

 4) $%!%*!or. S% 'o!% **, 'r() r'or!, $()!r% r( '(*,,( $%%,8(% 0o,!,,( r%0'%*!(2 9( *)!(!!% $% 0o,!.

/. S%)0(/((!!% $%!%*!or,,(-r%'r%&()!7 2r(8( m7r(m((

0%m),,( %m(0 $% $%!%*!or 4) ,)*8(% $% *)!(!!% $% 0o,! 9(0% %5'r(m7 'r() 2or% ')!%( r70',)0,,( $%!%*!or,,( '%)!r,*om'o)%)! r%0'%*!(27 #".1.>.1.. O 0%)0(/((!!% mr% $%!%*!or,,( 2 $,*% ,) r70',)0 m( mr% '%)!r, *%%9(*)!(!!% $% 0o,! )(&!7 9( $%*( 2 '%rm(!% )(& ,)or*)!(!78( m(*( $% 'ro/7 r%'r%&%)!6)$ o *(!!% (m'or!)!7'%)!r, ,) $%!%*!or '%rorm)!.

1=

Page 14: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 14/27

  #".1.>.1.0%)0(/((!!% 9( ()(r(!!% r70',)0,,( $%!%*!or,,(

*. L(m(! $% 0%)0(/((!!%-%0!% ,) *r(!%r(, 0!r6)0 %"! $% *%'r%*%$%)! $%#)()$,-0% 'r() *)!(!!% m()(m7 $() *om'o)%)!r%0'%*!(27 '%)!r, *r% 0% o/8()% ,) 0%m) $% r70',)0 $%!%*!or,,( $% $o,7 or( m( mr% $%*6! 2or% m%$(% &"omo!,,( 0%m),,( $% o)$ F(",r1.>...C)!(!!%r%0'%*!(2 0% ),m%0!%-*)!(!!% m()(m7 $%!%*!/(7. S%m),$% o)$ r%'r%&()!7 0%m), $! $% $%!%*!or 4) /0%)8 2r%,)%(*om'o)%)!% ()3%*!!% 0( $%'()$% $% *r*!%r(0!(*(% 0%

*o)0!r,*!(2%.

F(". 1.>.. (m(! $% 0%)0(/((!!% $%!%*!or,,(

$. Dom%)(, $% r70',)0 ()(r-r%'r%&()!7 ()!%r2, 4) *r%0%m), $% r70',)0 $%!%*!or,,( %0!% $(r%*! 'ro'or8(o) *,

*)!(!!% $% 0o,! *r% 3,)"% 4) $%!%*!or. S!/((r% *%0!%(()(r(!78( 0% *% 'r() %!o)r% *, 3,!or, ,)or %!o)% ',r%

1>

Page 15: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 15/27

% *om',9(or )(&8(. A0%m%)% %!o)% '%)!r,*rom!o"r# $% "&% 0,)! **%0(/(% *om%r*( o ',r(!!%or!% 2)0!74) "%)%r '%0!% . S!/((r% $om%)(,,($% r70',)0 ()(r %0!% (m'or!)!7 m( %0 '%)!r, )(&

*)!(!!(27. ) 0(!,8((% 4) *r% r70',)0, ), %0!% ()(r *& 4)!4)(! m( %0 $%!%*!or%% oo0(!% 4) *rom!o"r# $%(*+($% $r 9( ,)%% $%!%*!or% oo0(!% 4)*rom!o"r#% $%"&% %0!% )%*%0r7 !r0r% ,)or *,r/% $% %!o)r%'o()om(% '%)!r, 0% ',!% %%*!, )(& *)!(!!(27.

%. S!/((!!% $%!%*!or,,(- *%0! *r(!%r(, 0% r%%r7 m%)8()%r% ()(%( $% /&7 7r7 $%2(8(( *+(r 4) *o)$(8((%

2r(8(%( ,)or *o)$(8(( $% )(&7: !%m'%r!,r 'r%0(,)% 0($%/(!, &%( mo/(%. C,&%% *r% $%!%rm()7 $%r(2 ()(%( $%/& ),m(!7 9( $r(! 'o! # m,!('% 9( 4) "%)%r 'o! #r%m%$(!%. E5(0!7 9( !% *o)$(8(( '% *r% !r%/,(% 07 %

 4)$%'()%0*7 ,) $%!%*!or /,): 2(!%& $% r70',)0 *6! m( mr%r%&(0!%)! r($(*!7 !%m'%r!,r7 0(m'(!!% *o)0!r,*8(%( 'r%8*6! m( 0*7&,!.

1.?.D%!%*!or, $% *o)$,*!(2(!!% !%rm(*7*!rom%!r, TCD

  E0!% ,) $%!%*!or ,)(2%r0 *, r70',)0 *o)*%)!r8(0o,!,,( 4) & mo/(7. Ar% 2)!3, *7 %0!% )%$%0!r,*!(2'%)!r, 'ro/7 $%*( 'o!% # ,!((&! 4) *rom!o"r# 'r%'r!(270, *,'! *, !% ()0!r,m%)!% '%)!r, )(& 0,'(m%)!r7

'ro/%(: 0'%*!rom%!r, $% m070'%*!roo!om%!r, 4) IR %!*.Pr()*('(, 07, $% ,)*8(o)r% 0% /&%&7 '% $%'%)$%)8

'(%r$%r(( *7$,r(( $% *7!r% ,) #r m%!(* 4)*7&(! 4) ,)*8(% $%*om'o&(8( m%$(,,( "&o0 4)*o)3,r7!or. E *o)0!7 $() $o,7#m%)!% m%!(*% *r% 0% "70%0* 4) *6!% ,) *) $% orm7*(()$r(*7 $() ()!%r(or, ,),( /o* m%!(* *% 'o!% # 4)*7&(! o!%m'%r!,r7 'ro"rm!7 F(",r 1.?.1..U), $()!r% #m%)!%%0!% #m%)!, $% m70,r7 (r *%7! %0!% #m%)!, $%

r%%r()87.

1?

Page 16: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 16/27

 F(". 1.?.1. $%!%*!or $% *o)$,*!(/((!!% !%rm(*7

Pr() #%*r% #m%)! !r%*% ,) *,r%)! $% *%%9( ()!%)0(!!%$%!%rm()6)$ 4)*7&(r% 0 o ),m(!7 !%m'%r!,r7. D*7 4)0'8!(, 4)*o)3,r7!or #m%)!,,( 0% "70%9!% ),m( "& ',r!7!or'(%r$%r% $% *7$,r7 2 # *o)0!)!7 9( *%%9( '%)!r, m/%%

#m%)!%. D*7 4)07 4) *%, $% m70,r7 3,)"% o *om'o)%)!7%,!7 $() *oo) *rom!o"r#*7 '(%r$%r% $% *7$,r7 #m%)!,,( $% m70,r7 2 # $(%r(!7 $%*( 9( !%m'%r!,r 9(r%&(0!%)8 0 %%*!r(*7 0% 2or mo$(#*. C%% $o,7 #m%)!% 0%"70%0* 4)!r-,) mo)!3 %%*!r(* $% !(' ',)!% +%!0o)% (rmo$(#*r% r%&(0!%)8%( %%*!r(*% #m%)!,,( $% m70,r7 2$%!%rm() $%&%*+((/rr% *%0!%( ',)8( 0( 'r(8( ,),( *,r%)!%%*!r(*. A*%0! *,r%)! %0!% m'(#*! r%'r%&%)!6)$ 0%m), $%

(%9(r% $%!%*!or,,( (r ()!%)0(!!% 0 %0!% 'ro'or8(o)7 *,*)!(!!% $% *om'o)%)!7 *r% 3,)0 4) $%!%*!or.

F(m%)!%% 'o! # *o)%*8(o)!% $() orm '!()7 0,$()!r-,) (3 orm-r%)(, 9( 0,)! '0(2!% '%)!r, r%$,*%0%)0(/((!!% or o5("%). M7r(m% 0%m),,( $%!%*!or,,($%'()$% 9( $% $(%r%)8 $()!r% *o)$,*!(/((!!% !%rm(*7 "&,,( ',r!7!or 9( *om'o)%)!%( )(&!%. Vor(% r%!(2%

r'or!!% +%(, % *%0!%( *o)$,*!(/((!78( '%)!r, *6!%2

1@

Page 17: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 17/27

"&% '%rm)%)!% 9( *om',0( or")(*( ,&,( 0,)! 'r%&%)!!% 4),rm7!or, !/%:

Co)$,*!(/((!78(% !%rm(*% r%!(2% % ,)or "&% 9(

0,/0!)8% or")(*%D%),m(r%*om',0,,(

Co)$,*!(2(!!% !%rm(*r%!(2

r"o) 1?+($ro"%) 1B+%(, 1&o! 1B/(o5($ $%

*r/o)

1.

%!) 1?/%)&%) *oroorm @*%!! $% %!(

  S% o/0%r27 *7 ),m( +($ro"%), 9( +%(, 2or ',!% #oo0(!% * "&% ',r!7!or% *6)$ 0% ,*r%&7 *, *%0! !(' $%

$%!%*or $%or%*% %% , *%% m( mr( 2or( %*o)$,*!(/((!78(( !%rm(*% (r 0%m), $%!%*!or,,( '%)!r, ,)),m(! *om',0 2 # *, !6! m( mr% *, *6! $(%r%)8 $()!r%*o)$,*!(/((!!% !%rm(*7 "&,,( ',r!7!or 9( *om',0,,()(&! %0!% m( mr%.

D%!%*!or%% $% *o)$,*!(2(!!% !%rm(*7 , 9( ,)%%$%&2)!3%:

- , 0%)0(/((!!% m( m(*7 $%*6! !% !(',r( $% $%!%*!or%*)!(!!% m()(m7 $%!%*!/(7 #()$ 4) 3,r $% 1-@-1-B".<

- $om%)(, $% r70',)0 ()(r %0!% $%0!, $% r%$,0<

- , 2o,m mor! r%!(2 mr% *%% *% %0!% ,) $%&2)!3(m'or!)! m( %0 *6)$ 0% ,*r%&7 *, *oo)% *'(r%<

- !(m', $% r70',)0 %0!% r%!(2 mr% *om'r!(2 *, !%

$%!%*!or%.

1

Page 18: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 18/27

L ,!((&r% 'r*!(*7 *%0!or $%!%*!or% !r%/,(% 8(),!*o)! 9( $% ,rm7!or%% *o)0($%r%)!%:

- %0!% or!% (m'or!)!7 m%)8()%r% *o)0!)!7 'r%0(,)((

9( $%/(!,,( "&,,( ',r!7!or 4) !(m', )(&%(<- *,r%)!, #m%)!,,( !r%/,(% 4)!r%r,'! 0*+(m/r%

*oo)%( 0, 0%'!,m,,( '%)!r, ), 2%)( 4) *o)!*! *,o5("%), *r% r $%!%rm() $(0!r,"%r% #m%)!,,( 'r() r$%r%0<

- $*7 0% *o)0!!7 o $%2(8(% ()(%( $% /&7 *% ), 'o!% #%(m()!7 %0!% 'o0(/( * *%0! 07 0% $!or%&% $%',)%r(( '%

#m%)! ,)or *om'o)%)!% "r%, 2o!(%. )$%'r!r%*%0!or 0% 'o!% *% 'r() ()3%*!r% $% !o,%) 0, 5(%).

  -), 0% r%*om)$7 )(& *, *%0! !(' $% $%!%*!or +o"%)(or9( $%r(28(or +o"%)8( $%or%*% *%9!( 'o! !* #m%)!,.

1.@. D%!%*!or, *, (o)(&r% 4) ;*r FID

 E0!% !(', $% $%!%*!or *% m( m,! oo0(! 4) *rom!o"r#

$% "&%. Pr()*(', 07, $% ,)*8(o)r% *o)0!7 4) m70,rr%mo$(#*7r(( *o)$,*!(/((!78(( %%*!r(*% ,)%( ;7*7r( $% +($ro"%) 4)'r%&%)8 *om',9(or or")(*( F("[email protected]..

D%!%*!or, $% (o)(&r% *,;*7r7

 

1B

Page 19: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 19/27

S%)0(/((!!% $%!%*!or,,( $%'()$% $% ),m7r, (o)(ororm8( 4) ,rm r$%r(( *om',0,,( r%0'%*!(2. E %0!%'ro'or8(o)7 *, ),m7r, !om(or $% *r/o) $() mo%*,*om',0,,( %"8( $% 8( !om( $% *r/o) 0, !om( $%

+($ro"%) *r% 0% $,"7 *o)!r(/,8( !om(or $% *r/o) $()%"7!,r( $% +o"%)( "r,'7r( +($ro5( m()o 0( !%%. A!om(( $%*r/o) $() "r,'7r(% *r/o)( 9( *r/o5( ), , )(*( o *o)!r(/,8(% 0%m), $%!%*!or,,(. D() *%0! mo!(2 %5(0!7 o 0%r(% $%*om',9( *r% ), $, r70',)0 0, $, r70',)0 or!% 0/ 4)$%!%*!or, *, (o)(&r% 4) ;*7r7. A0%m%)% *om',9( 0,)!: HOHS SO CS  NO NH= CO CO orm$%+($ *($ orm(*9( !%%. A*%0!7 ('07 $% 0%)0(/((!!% 'o!% # ,)%or(

2)!3o07 4) 0%)0, * 'o! # )(&!% 0o,8(( 'o0% 7r7 *' ,!((&!7 * 0o2%)! 07 ()!%r%r% $%!%*8(% *, 2r%,), $()*om',9(( )(&8(.S%)0(/((!!% $%!%*!or,,( FID $%'()$% $%r'or!, +($ro"%)K"& ',r!7!or 26)$ o 2or% m5(m7 ,)r'or! *% $%'()$% $% *o)0!r,*8( $%!%*!or,,(. D%/(!, $% %r();,%)8%&7 $% 0%m%)% 0%)0(/((!!% $%or%*% ,) $%/(!'r% m(* $,*% 0*7$%r% *%0!%( 9( m7r%9!% ()0!/((!!%()(%( $% /&7 'r() *r%9!%r% &"omo!,,( $% o)$.D%!%*!or%% *,(o)(&r% 4) ;*7r7 0,)! 4) m%$(% $% 1 $% or( m( 0%)0(/(%$%*6! *%% $% *o)$,*!(2(!!% !%rm(*7*)!(!!% m()(m7$%!%*!/(7 #()$ *,'r()07 4)!r% 1 --1-1 ".

  Tr%/,(% m%)8(o)! *7 r70',)0, $%!%*!or,,( '%)!r, o),m(!7 *om'o)%)!7 $%'()$% $% 0!r,*!,r *%0!%( $% *%%'%)!r, 0% r%(& )(& *)!(!!(27 !r%/,(% *,!7 )%'7r!%!o)r%.

C6!%2 0'%*!% 'r*!(*% $% *r% !r%/,(% 8(),! *o)! oo0(r% $%!%*!or%or FID 0,)! ,rm7!or%%:

- ), 0% ,*r%&7 !%m'%r!,r( % $%!%*!or,,( m( m(*( $%1C<

  - !%m'%r!,r $%!%*!or,,( !r%/,(% 07 #% 0,'%r(or7!%m'%r!,r(or $% #%r/%r% % !,!,ror *om'o)%)!%or )(&!%<

1

Page 20: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 20/27

- *om',9(( rom!(*( 07 r%&($,,r( '% $%!%*!or $% *%%), %0!% r%*om)$!7 oo0(r% or * 0o2%)8( '%)!r, 'ro/%%0,',0% )(&%(<

1..D%!%*!or, *, *'!,r7 $% %%*!ro)( ECD

  F*% 'r!% $() *!%"or( $%!%*!or%or 0'%*(#*% *,r70',)0 *o)*%)!r8( 'ro/%(. Pr()*('(, 07, $% ,)*8(o)r% 0%/&%&7 '% $(%r%)8 #)(!78(or '%)!r, %%*!ro)( % mo%*,%or$(%r(!%or !(',r( $% 0,/0!)8%. A#)(!!% '%)!r, %%*!ro)( %0!%$%!%rm()!7 $% 'ro'r(%!!% mo%*,%or 0,/0!)8%or or")(*%

 4) 0!r% "&o07 $% $(8(o) %%*!ro)( (/%r( m)(%0!6)$,-0%m( %0 *om',9(( rom!(*( 'o(),*%r( *om',9(( *r% *o)8()"r,'7r( *r/o)( *o)3,"!%*om',9(( or")om%!(*( *om',9((or")(*( +o"%)8( )(!r(( %!*. E ), 0% m)(%0!7 4) 0*+(m/ 8( *om',9( *,m 0,)! +($ro*r/,r(% 0!,r!%. A9$r$%!%*!or, *, *'!,r7 $% %%*!ro)( 2 # or!% 0%)0(/( '%)!r,),m(!% *0% $% *om',9( ',!6)$ $%!%*! *)!(!78( '6)7 $%or$(), 1--1-1=" 9( !o! ()0%)0(/( '%)!r, 8( *om',9(.

  Pr()*('(, $% ,)*8(o)r% $%!%*!or,,( 0% /&%&7 '%(o)(&r% mo%*,%%or "&,,( ',r!7!or *r% %0!% 4) "%)%r&o!, 0,/ *8(,)% 'r!(*,%or 'ro$,0% $% o 0,r07r$(o*!(27 4) "%)%r N(. 

E%*!ro)(( (/%r( 'ro$,9( 4) ,rm (o)(&7r(( , 2(!%& or!%mr% 9( %( ), 0% r%*om/()7 *, (o)(( 'o&(!(2( #()$ *o%*!8( $% ,)%%*!ro$ ;! 4) *m%r $% (o)(&r%. C%7! %%*!ro$

$%!%*!or,,( *!o$, %0!% 4) "%)%r *+(r *%, *r% *o)8()%0,r0 r$(o*!(27. )!r% *%( $o( %%*!ro&( 0% '(*7 ,) *6m'%%*!r(* 0/ 4) "%)%r $% ?V (r 4) ,rm (o)(&r(( mo%*,%or$% &o! 'r() (r$(%r% 0% "%)%r%&7 ,) *,r%)! %%*!r(* 0/ *r%%0!% m'(#*! r%&,!6)$ ,) 0%m) $% /&7 $%!%*!or,,( *,()!%)0(!!% $% 'ro5(m!(2 1-B A.

D%!%*!or, *, *'!,r7 $% %%*!ro)( r% 2)!3,

0%%*!(2(!78(( 0( 0%)0(/((!78(( r($(*!% $r 4) *%9( !(m' 9(),m(!% $%&2)!3%:

Page 21: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 21/27

- ), 0% 'o! ,!((& $%*6! ),m(!% &% 0!8(o)r% *,2o!((!!% or!% m(*7<

- %%*!ro$, 0% *o)!m()%&7 r%'$% $% %5%m', *, ,rm%

$% 0o2%)8( *or,r8(<- ()!%r2, 0, $% ()(r(!!% %0!% or!% 0*,r!<

- *,r78(r% $%!%*!or,,( *o)!m()! %0!% m( $(#*(7$%or%*% %5(0!7 '%r(*o, *o)!m()7r(( r$(o*!(2% '%r0o),,(.

E 0% 'o!% *% 4) "%)%r 'r() 4)*7&(r% =? "r$%C%0(,0 0, 0'7r% *, ,) 0o2%)! $%*2!<

- "&, ',r!7!or 0( 'ro/ !r%/,(% 07 #% '%r%*! ,0*!%$%or%*% 9( ' r% 'ro'r(%!!% $% $(8(o) %%*!ro)(.Dr%'!"& ',r!7!or 0% m( 'o!% oo0( 9( r"o), *, *o)8(),! $% ?-1 m%!). O !%)8(% $%o0%/(!7 !r%/,(% *or$!7 m%)8()%r((*o)0!)!% !%m'%r!,r(( $%!%*!or,,( 4) !(m', )(&%($%or%*% 0%m), $%!%*!or,,( 2r(&7 or!% m,! 4) ,)*8(% $%*%0!7 !%m'%r!,r7 $% '4)7 ? or( mo$(#*r%

!%m'%r!,r(( *, =C.C, !o!% $%&2)!3%% 0% $%!%*!or,*, *'!,r7 $% %%*!ro)( 0% oo0%9!% or!% m,! 4) ),m(!%$om%)(( $% %5%m', '%)!r, )(& *om',9(or +o"%)8(!o5(*( $() '7 0, ,rm%or $% 0,/0!)8% )!($7,)7!or% $()'ro$,0%% (m%)!r% 9( $() !% 'ro$,0%.

1.B.Crom!o"r% $% 'ro*%0

D!or(!7 'o0(/((!78(or )(&7r(( r'($% 9( 'r%*(0% ,)or

'ro/% $% mr% *om'%5(!!% *rom!o"r# $%2%)(!'7r()*(' !%+)(*7 $% )(&7 4) ;,5 'ro$,0%or ()!%rm%$(r%9( #)(!% $() *$r, ,)or 'ro*%$%% *+(m(*% ()$,0!r(%. A, o0!*o)0!r,(!% *rom!o"r%% $% 'ro*%0 *, *r% 0% 'o!% %5%*,! o)(&7 *+(m(*7 *om'%!7 4)!r-,) mo$ ,!om!. To!% o'%r8((%)%*%0r% 4)*%'6)$ $% *o)$(8(o)r% *oo)%or*rom!o"r#*% %!*. 9( '6)7 'r%,*rr% 9( ()!%r'r%!r%()orm8(%( "%)%r!% $% $%!%*!or 0% r%(&%&7 4) *$r, ,),(

*(*, $% )(&7 *r% $,r%&7 *6!%2 m(),!%. O *o)$(8(%

1

Page 22: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 22/27

%0%)8(7 '%)!r, ,)*8(o)r% *or%0',)&7!or% *rom!o"r%or $% 'ro*%0 *o)0!7 4)!r-o '%r%*!7 0()*ro)(&r% *om%)&(or *, !(m'(( $% 'r(8(% *om'o)%)8(or 4) %,!.

P%)!r, 4)r%"(0!rr% r%&,!!%or )(&%( 0,)! ,!((&!% $o,7m%!o$%:

-4)r%"(0!rr% $% !(' /r"r *r% *o)0!7 $() !r0r% ,)or()(( $% 4)78(m% %"7 *, *%% '(*,r(or *rom!o"r#*%<

-4)r%"(0!rr% 4) !r%'!% *r% ()$(*7 4) mo$ *o)!(),,*o)*%)!r8( *om'o)%)8(or.

U) *rom!o"r $% 'ro*%0 %0!% *'/( 07 %%*!,%&% ),m()(& m%0!%*,r(or '%)!r, *r% o0! *o)0!r,(! 9( 'ro"rm!9( !r%/,(% 07 *7 o %"%r% *or%0',)&7!or% ,rm7!or%or%%m%)!%: *oo)% *rom!o"r#*% ,m',!,r7 $(m%)0(,)(mo$ $% ()3%*!r% 9( *)!(!!% !(' $% $%!%*!or "& ',r!7!or!%m'%r!,r ()*()!%( $%/(!, $% ;,5 9( 'r%0(,)% 'ro"rmr%!(m'(or $% *om,!r% *oo)%or *or%*8(%( ()(%( $% &%ro0!/((r% mo$,,( $% 'r%&%)!r% r%&,!!%or %!*.

1.. Crom!o"r# $% "&% *, '(ro(&7

M%!o$ *rom!o"r#*7 $% "&% *, '(ro(&7 0% '(*7 ($%)!(#*r% m!%r(%or 2o!(% 'o(m%r(orm%$(*m%)!%or 9( 0,/0!)8%or $% or("()% /(oo"(*7. M%!o$*o)0!7 $() $%0*om',)%r% !%rm(*7 ,)or 'ro/% m(*( $()m!%r(% !%0! 9( ()3%*!r%()!ro$,*%r% 'ro$,9(or $% '(ro(&7

 4) *oo) "&-*rom!o"r#*7 ,)$% 0,)! 'r8( 0, *om'%!

0%'r8( $6)$ o *rom!o"rm7 *r*!%r(0!(*7 ),m(!7'(ro"rm7.

M%!o$ %0!% 0(",r7 !6! 4) 'r()*('(, *6! 9( 4) 'r*!(*7 9('o0%$7 2)!3% $!% $% **%0(/((!!% 9( $% !(m', 0*,r! $%)(&7 m%!o$ #()$ '(*/(7 $or 'ro/% m(*(. A!6! *(!(2*6! 9( *)!(!!(2 $%!%rm()7r(% 0% * *, 3,!or, %!o)%or ',r%0, $% *om'o&(8(% *,)o0*,!7 'r() 9-),m(! !%+)(*7#)"%r'r()!()".

Page 23: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 23/27

P%)!r, r%(&r% 'r*!(*7 '(ro(&%( %5(0!&7 m( m,!%$(0'o&(!(2% $% '(ro(&7 *r% 'r%&()!7 2)!3% 9( $%&2)!3%.C,'!or, $% '(ro(&7 $7 'o0(/((!!% "%)%r7r(( ,),( ),m7r mr%$% r%*8(( 0%*,)$r% $% *%% 0-, $%&2o!! $(0'o&(!(2, *,

#m%)! $(0'o&(!(2, '%)!r, ',)*! C,r(% #m%)!,,( 0,m(*ror%*!or%.

.MATERIALE CROMATOGRAFICE

.1. F&% 0!8(o)r% (*+($%

) *(!!% $% (*+($% $% r%'r!(8(% 0% 'o!% ,!((& o "m72r(!7 $% *om',9( *+(m(*( 'r8()6)$ *%or m( 2r(!% *0%$% 0,/0!)8% $% m%0!%*,r( %,!%*!(*% )or")(*% '6)7 'o(m%r( or")(*( *om'%*9(. L(*+($, ,!((&! $r%'! &70!8(o)r7 !r%/,(% 07:

- (/7 o 0%%*!(2(!!% 4)()!!7 '%)!r, 0(",r o /,)70%'rr% *om'o)%)8(or 'ro/%(<

-'r%&()!% o r%&(0!%)87 !%rm(*7 r($(*!7<-4) *o)$(8((% $% ,*r, !r%/,(% 07 (/7 o 'r%0(,)% $% 2'or(

*6! m( r%$,07

-(/7 o 260*o&(!!% r%$,07 '%)!r, '%rm(!% $(,&( &%(mo/(% ,9,r6)$ !r)0%r, $% m07 4)!r% *%% $o,7 &%.

F&% 0!8(o)r% oo0(!% 4) *rom!o"r# $% "&%:

 T%m'%r!,r T%m'%r!,rF& M5(m7 M()(m7SQ,)Do)o)( !!A'%&o) LDC- S((*o)?*S!DC-

S((*o)?*S!Cr/o5 M

11?????

-??--@@

=

Page 24: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 24/27

  .. S,'or!

Ro, 0,'or8(or 0o(&( 4) *rom!o"r# $% "&% *o)0!7 4)

r%8()% (*+($, 0!8(o)r 4) *oo)7. U) 0,'or! 0o($ ($% !r%/,(%07 #% ()%r! 07 (/7 o 0,'r87 mr% 9( o 'oro&(!!% ,)(orm7.C%% m( *om,)% !(',r( 0,)! '7m6)!,r(% $(!om(!(*% *r% 0%'o! 'r%,*r '%)!r, r%$,*%r% *!(2(!78(( )%$or(!% 0,'r%8%('r() 0'7r% *, *($ 0, 'r() !r!r% *, $%&*!(2!or( *:m%!(0((*o) MS +%5m%!(-$(0((&)HMDS$(m%!($(*oro0()DMCS.

S,'or8( oo0(8( 4) *rom!o"r# (*+($-"&D%),m(r% S,'r8

0'%*(#*7m'7!r!K"

D%)0(!!% $%,m'%r% "K*m*,/

M5(m,m $%&7 (*+($7oKo

C+romo0or/ PC+romo0or/ C+romo0or/ GC+romo0or/ A

 T%;o) T.@M(*ro'%r% $%0!(*7

>1?B1

>>?B>B>1>

=1???1=

.=.F&% 0!8(o)r% 0o($% *!(2%

) *rom!o"r# $% $0or/8(% 0o($-"& ,m',!,r *oo)%(%0!% *o)0!(!,(!7 $()!r-,) 0o($ *, 'ro'r(%!78( $0or/)!%.Crom!o"r# 0o($-"& 'r%&()!7 ,)%%2)!3% 'r()!r% *r%:

-0!/((!!% mr% *oo)%( *, $0or/)!<

-'(*/((!!% m( /,)7 '%)!r, 0,/0!)8%% *, ',)*!% $%#%r/%r% m(*(<

>

Page 25: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 25/27

-'%rm(!% 0%'r7r( % 0,/0!)8%or 4) ,rm% o%r7r%'ro$,*!(/((!!% /,)7

Cr*!%r(0!(*( % 'r()*('(or$0or/)8(:

-*7r/,)%% *!(2 'o0%$7 o 0,'r87 mr% %0!% $(#*( $%'r%'r! 4)!r-o orm7 r%'ro$,*!(/(7.

-,m() r% '(*8(( m( mr( $%9( 'r%&()!7 $%&2)!3%%$% # ',!%r)(* 'or7 r% *!(2(!!% *!(!(*7.

-0((*"%, r% 0%m7)7r( *, ,m() 'r() 'ro'r(%!78(% $%0,'r87 'or(!!% 9( *!(2(!!% *!(!(*7 $r %0!% m( ,9or $%'r%'r! 4) orm% r%'ro$,*!(/(%. S% oo0%9!% )(&+($ro*r/,r(or ,9or%.

-0(!%% mo%*,r%-$% !(' &%o(!(*0((*8( $% ,m()(, *o)8()'or( $% m7r(m( 9( orm% or!% r%",!%.

-'o(m%r( m(*ro'oro9(.

=.ANALIZA CALITATIVĂ

D,'7 0%'rr% 'r() *rom!o"r# $% "&% *om'o)%)8(('o! # ($%)!(#*8( $o&8( 9( r%*,'%r8( 'r() *o)$%)0r%.D%!%rm()r% 0% *% '% /& 'rm%!r(or $% r%!%)8(% m70,r8('% *rom!o"rm7 .S% 'o! %5%*,! ($%)!(#*7r( % *om'o)%)8(or

 4) %;,%)!, r%&,!! $() *oo) *rom!o"r#*7 'r()

,rm7!or%% !%0!% *0(*%: /r/o!r% %;,%)!,,( 4) 0o,8(( *%*o)8() r%*!(2( 0%)0(/(( *r% $, r%*8(( *, ormr% *om',9(or*oor8(< 0o*(%r% *%0!,( !%0! *, m70,rr% m0%( mo%*,r%9( *, $%!%rm()r% !%m'%r!,r(( $% #%r/%r% 0, !%m'%r!,r(($% !o'(r% o'%r!7 0,'r ,),( *om',0 o/8(),! 'r() $%r(2!(&!r%.U) mo$ %#*(%)! '%)!r, ',)%r% 4) %2($%)87 *o)0!(!,%)8(orr7m6)% ,!((&r% ()0!r,m%)!%or ,5((r% $()!r% *r% *%% m(()$(*!% 0,)! *%% 0'%*!ro0*o'(*% 0, $% r%&o))87 m")%!(*7

),*%r7.

?

Page 26: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 26/27

=.1. C,'r% *, ()0!r,m%)!% ,5,(r%

)$!7 $,'7 0%'rr% 9( *'!r% *om'o)%)8(or 4)!r-o*)!(!!% 0,#*(%)!7 0% 'o!% 'ro*%$ $%!%rm()r% or 'r()

()!%rm%$(, ,)or !%+)(*( *or%0',)&7!or% *6! m( 'r%*(0%:-0'%*!m%!r( $% m07<

-0'%*!om%!r( 4) ()rro9,<

-r%&o))8 m")%!(*7.

P%)!r, ($%)!(#*r% *om'o)%)8(or 0%'r8( 'r()*rom!o"r#% 0% m( ,!((&%&7 m%!o$%%: *o,om%!r(*%'oro"r#*% o!om%!r(*% 4) ;*7r7 0'%*!ro0*o'(*% 4),!r2(o%! 9( 2(&(/( 0, )(& %%m%)!r7.

>.ANALIZA CANTITATIVĂ

U), $()!r% m(!(2%% *r% $,0 $%&2o!r%*rom!"r#%( 4) $om%)(, )(&%( ()0!r,m%)!% *o)0!7 4)'r%*(&( *, *r% 0% 'o! )(& 'ro/%%. ) )(& *)!(!!(27 0%

(m',) ,rm7!or%% *o)$(8((: ()!ro$,*%r% %5*!7 'ro/%(*o)$(8(( $% o'%rr% *o)0!)!% 'r%*(&( m70,r7r(( 0,'r%8%('(*,r(or 0(",rr% *o%#*(%)!,,( $% 0%)0(/((!!% #%*7r,(*o)0!(!,%)! ()%r(!!% r70',)0,,( $! $% $%!%*!or *oo)%*r% 07 o%r% r%&o,8(( *or%0',)&7!or%.

@

Page 27: CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

7/16/2019 CROMATOGRAFIA DE GAZE.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cromatografia-de-gazedocx-568bcf995fd2a 27/27

ILIOGRAFIE

1. %r*) E. M%!o$% )(!(*% $% 0%'rr% C%)!r, $%m,!('(*r% I.P.. ,*,r%9!( 1B

. %r*) E. C&*, I.C. Mo$o2%), Ş.D,m(!r%0*, V.V7$%0*, L. D7)%! F. Cr,*%r, D. )$r,mr '%)!r,,*r7r( 'r*!(*%-m%!o$% )(!(*% $% 0%'rr% C%)!r, $%m,!('(*r% I.P..,*,r%9!( 1B

=. M%!o$% $% 0%'rr% 4) *+(m( )(!(*7 Coor$o)!or:

(,%0*, G. I.C.C. C+(m. C%)!r, $% $o*,m%)!r% ()$,0!r(%( *+(m(*% 9( '%!ro(%r% ,*,r%9!( 1>. M* N(r H.M. o)$%( E.. 0(* "& *+rom!o"r'+(

Vr() A%ro"r'+ ),! Cr%% C(. 1@?. N%*, N. M(*, A. Mr()o(, V. Crom!o"r% $%

'ro*%0 E$. T%+)(*7 ,*,r%9r( 1B@. Po' G. Pr%0*, I. C+(m(% )(!(*7 E$. D($*!(*7 9(

'%$"o"(*7 ,*,r%9!( 1


Recommended