ecosist.terestre

7/23/2019 ecosist.terestre

1/20

COLEGIUL TEHNIC MTSARI JUDEUL GORJPROFIL: RESURSE NATURALE I PROTECIA MEDIULUI

CALIFICAREA: TEHNICIAN ECOLOG I PROTECIA CALITII MEDIULUI

PROIECTDECERTIFICARE A

CALIFICRII PROFESIONALENIVEL IV - DE CALIFICARE

ECOSISTEME TERESTRE

PROFESOR NDRUMTOR: ABSOLVENT:PROF. ALBSTROIU CARMEN IVANCU MARIA MIRABELA

20!


2/20

CUPRINS

ARGUMENT"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""..#

CAPITOLUL I. ECOSISTEME TERESTRE"""""""""""""""....!.. P$%&'($"""""""""""""""""""""""""""........!.2. D()('*&+""""""""""""""""""""""....""""........,.#. S*($""""""""""""""""""""""......."""".........

./. S$$1$""""""""""""""""""""""......."""".....2

CAPITOLUL II. ECOSISTEME ANTROPIATE..""""...""""""""...#2.. A3'4(54)6)*(7(+("""""""""""".......................""""......../2.2. C47+(8( 944*(165( """""""""""........................."""".../2.#. E54)6)*(7(+( $)(9$'6+4' &7$1("""""""""..............."""".....!

CAPITOLUL III. DETERIORAREA ECOSISTEMELOR PRIN POLUARE .""..;

CONCLUII"""""""""""""""...""""""""""""""

BIBLIOGRAFIE""""""""""""""""""""...""""""".2


3/20

ARGUMENT

P+$1*(+( '> $>? $('? +&761>? *(7('$*&'>? )4+? $%65> 4@645(149> 1& 4$*( (86)*$ =>'> &1 $1&76* @64*4.

1*'( $+5>*&6'($ @64*4&+&6 *&6'($ @645(149(6 (86)*> '(+$66 )*'1)( 5$'( 5'(($9> 4

$1&76*> &16*$*(. E54)6)*(7&+ '('(961*> $5($ +(3>*&'> )*'&5*&'$+> )6 =&15641$+> %61*'( @64*4 .

B64*4&+ '('(961*> *4*$+6*$*($ =$5*4'6+4' $@64*656 $$? 1*&+? (1('36$ )4+$'>? 5+67$?&76%6*$*($ &1 16(+ %( 4'3$169$'( $ 7$*('6(6 =4'7$* %61 4&+$66 +(3$*(*('6*4'6$+? *'&1%('( $ %4&> (54)6)*(7(? %( (8(7+& 4 >'&6$ ()*( '()*$@6+6* 1 1*'(367(?

( (*$( )&55()6(? &1 (54)6)*(7? 5( $ =4)* %6)*'&) $1*('64'? )$& $ 5>'&6 @64*4 $ =4)* )567@$*1*'-$** %( 7&+*? 15* 4 7$'( $'*( %61 @645(149> $ %6)>'&*. R()*$@6+6'($ @645(149(6 $'( +45$)*=(+? 15* 1*'( 4'3$16)7(+( 5( 61 $'( +45 4 )&55()6&1(? %( +$ 5(+( 7$6 '676*6( +$ 5(+( 7$6$$1)$*(.

E54)6)*(7(+( )&1* 5+$)6=65$*( 1:

- E54)6)*(7( 1$*&'$+(: 61 5$'( 47&+ 1& $ 61*('(16*. E+( 4* =6 : *('()*'( 4 >%&'( $5$*65( &1'&- E54)6)*(7( $1*'469$*(: 5$'( )&1* =>5&*( '61 541*'6@&6$ 47&+&6 : +6(96? +$5 %( $5&7&+$'(

E54)6)*(7(+( 1$*&'$+( (86)*> 1 *4$*( 941(+( 3(43'$=65( %( +$ (5&$*4' +$ 4+6. E+( 4*=4'7$ 547+(8( %( (54)6)*(7( %(1&76*( @6476 *&1%'$? *$63$&$? >%&'($ (5&$*4'6$+>? %('$5> ()*( ( 7$6 @43$*>5&'61% 1&7('4$)( )(566 ()*( 4 $6


4/20

CAPITOLUL IECOSISTEME TERESTRE

E54)6)*(7 *('()*'& ()*( &1 (54)6)*(7 ?$ 5>'&6 @64*4 ()*( )*'1) +(3$* %(7(%6&+ *('()*'&. E8(7+( %( (54)6)*(7( *('()*'( )&1*: >%&'6+(? %( ('*&'6+(? )*((+(?)$$1(+(.

.. P>%&'($P>%&'($ ()*( 4 )&'$=$ > 7$'( %(

*('(1 ( 5$'( 5'()5 1 )*$'( )>+@$*65> )(566%( $'@4'6 6 $'@& *6? )(566 %( +$1*( ('@$5((?

7& 56? %$' *'>6()5 6 %6=('6*( )(566 %( $167$+(.

E54)6)*(7&+ &1(6 >%&'6

M(%6&+ %( 6$ > )( 5$'$5*('69($9> '61 %6=('6 6 =$5*4'6 1$*&'$+6. C(6 +6)6 6 %( 6$ > )( 1&7()5 =$5*4'6 $@64*656? 6$' 6( &6*4$'(+( )$& '4%& 66 $5()*4'$ )( 1&7()5 =$5*4'6 @64*656.

C47&16*$*($ %( 4&+$ 66 +$1*(? $167$+(? 765'44'3$16)7( 5$'$5*('6)*65(&1&6 @64*4 $=+$*( 1 '(+$ 66 61*(')(56=65( )( 1&7( *( 7(*$74'=49$.

U16*$*($ )*'&5*&'$+> 6 =&15 641$+> 5$'( )( )*$@6+( *( 1*'( &1 @64*4 6 4 @645(149> 541)*6*&6( &1 (54)6)*(7.

T6&'6 %( >%&'6:>%&'( %( =464$)( >%&'( %( 5416=('( >%&'( 768*>>%&'( %( )*($' >%&'( %( =$3 >%&'( %( 74+6%.

Fig.1. Pdure


5/20

E54)6)*(7&+ &1(6 >%&'6 %( )*($'

P>%&'6+( %( )*($' )( 1*61% 1 941(+( 5& $+*6*&%61( %( 1> +$ ;00,00 7. 1941(+( %( 576(? $5()*( >%&'6 )&1* =4'7$*( %61 )*($' @'&7>'6& 6 )*($' &=4). 1941(+( 4$)(? (+( )&1* =4'7$*( %61 )*($' 1 $7()*(5 5& 5(' )$& 3'16 > '&%( 5&)*($'&+. 1 941$ %($+&'6+4' 1$+*( )( 1*+1( *( 34'&1&+ 5$'( =4'7($9> >%&'6 1*61)(1&7$6 %( 34'&1 1&76*( 34'&1(*( )$& 1 $7()*(5 5& $+*( )(566 %( =464$)(.

F$&1$ 6 (3(*$ 6$ >%&'6+4' %( )*($'

F$&1$: '>%$ 5>? $'656? )$+$7$1%'>? 5&5? 5>'64$'>? &+(? %('? 6(&'(? &')? 5('@? 4'5676)*'(6 (*5. V(3(*$ 6$: 3645(+? 4'&7@$' (*5.C$'$5*('6)*656 $+( @64*4&+&6:

- )4+&'6: @'&1( 6 @'&1-'4 5$*( %( >%&'( - *(7('$*&'$ 7(%6( $1&$+> 1 &' %( 0 C- +&761$ 5$'( $&13( 1> +$ )&'$=$ $ )4+&+&6? =6+*'$*> '61*'( 54'4$1(+( $'@4'6+4' %($5(($ (86)*> 1&7('4$)( +$1*( ('@$5(( 6 $'@& *6.

C4741(1*( $+( @645(149(6:- $'@4'6 : 5$'(1? &+7? *(6? ='$)61? $+*61 %( 576(? $' $'? 56'( )>+@$*65 - $'@& *6: 7>5( ? >%&5(+? )45? +(71 561()5? 54'1? 4'&7@$'? 3('361$' - +$1*( ('@$5((: 34+47> ? >6& (*5. - $167$+( 1(('*(@'$*(: 6('76? >6$1(16? 7(+56? 61)(5*(? (*5.- $167$+( ('*(@'$*(:@'4*>5(+? 4'+>? $'(? 5&5? +&? &+(? (*5.


6/20

E54)6)*(7&+ &1(6 >%&'6 %( =$3

P>%&'6+( %( =$3? 1&76*( 6 =>3(*(? )&1* '>)1%6*( 1 941(+( 5& $+*6*&%616 %(00#00 7. P>%&'6+( %( =$3 )( 1*+1()5 1)> 6 +$ $+*6*&%616 7$6 7656? ( (')$1 6 &7@'6 6 /007 )$& +$ $+*6*&%616 %( !00 7? ( (')$1 66 1)4'6 6.

F$&1$ 6 (3(*$ 6$ >%&'6+4' %( =$3 V(3(*$ 6(: $+&1? 56&('56 (*5.

C$'$5*('6)*656 $+( @64*4&+&6:

- )4+&'6: @'&1-$56%(? @'&1( %( >%&'( 6 )4+&'6 4%94+65(- *(7('$*&'$ 7(%6( $1&$+> %( -, C- +&761> )+$@>.

C4741(1*( $+( @645(149(6:- $'@4'6: =$3? 7()*($5>1? $+*61 %( 7&1*(? 5$'(1? &+7 %( 7&1*(? *(6? 74+6%? @'$%- $'@& *6: $+&1? 7&'? 54'1- +$1*( ('@$5((: =('63>? 7& 56? +65(16? 76('($-&')&+&6? >6&)- $167$+( 1(('*(@'$*(: 61)(5*( 5>'>@& %( >%&'(? 5'46*4'&+ =$3&+&6- $167$+( ('*(@'$*(: 5645>16*4$'(? 3$6 >? &&'(9? 5('@? &') @'&1? %('? ')? (('6 >? 76)*'(? 6)65> )$+@$*65>.


7/20

E54)6)*(7&+ &1(6 >%&'6 %( 74+6%

P>%&'6+( %( 74+6%? 1&76*( 6 74+6%6 &'6? 45&> '(36&16+( 1$+*( $+( 7&1 6+4'

14 *'6? %( +$ +676*$ )&('64$'> $ =$3&+&6 1> 1 941$ )&@$+61>. E+( )&1* 61)*$+$*( +$$+*6*&%616 %( 200,00 7. 1 14'%&+ C$'$ 6+4'? +676*$ 61=('64$'> $ >%&'6+4' %( 74+6%$*613(? 1 &1(+( +45&'6? 00 7.F$&1$ 6 (3(*$ 6$ >%&'6+4' %( 74+6% F$&1$: 476%$ 74+6%&+&6? 5645>16*4$'(? 6 6346 %( @'>%(*? =4'=(5& >? 4$'(5( >'3$*? %('? 5454 %( 7&1*(? (*5.

C$'$5*('6)*656 $+( @64*4&+&6:

- )4+&'6: 4%94+65( @'&1(- *(7('$*&'$ 7(%6( $1&$+> %( #-! C- '(566*$ 66 %( ,00#00 77 $1&$+- +&761$ =4$'*( )+$@>? >%&'6+( )&1* 1*&1(54$)(- 1*&'6? &1(4'6? &*('165(.

C4741(1*( $+( @645(149(6:

- $'@4'6: 74+6%? 9$%>? 97@'? 61? @'$%? =$3? 7()*($5>1? $+*61 %( >%&'(? (*5.- $'@& *6: $=61? 7('6 4'? 97(&'? 54$5>9 %( 7&1*( - +$1*( ('@$5((: 56&('56? 7& 56? +65(16 7>*'($ $ @'$%&+&6? =('63> - $167$+( 1(('*(@'$*(: 61)(5*( 476%>? 6()( ?(*5- $167$+( ('*(@'$*(: 4'+> %( 7&1*(? 1>'5>? 6 6346 %( @'>%(*? 5454 %( 7&1*(? 5645>16*4$'(? (('6 >? %('? 76('+>? (*5.


8/20

.2. D( ('*&+

D( ('*&+ )$& &)*6&+ ()*( 4 941> 5$'( '67( *( =4$'*( & 61( '(566*$ 66? $'4867$*6 2!0 77 ( $1. D( ('*&'6+( $& '(&*$ 6$ %( $ )&) 61( =4$'*( & 61( =4'7( %(

6$ > %( 6? +$ 4 547$'$ 6( 7$6 $*(1*> 5& &1 7(%6& 7$6 &7(%? =4'7(+( %( 6$ > %61 %( ('* )&1* %( 5(+( 7$6 7&+*( 4'6 $'6$*( 6 '>71 1 3(1('$+ $)5&1)( (1*'& $- 6 >)*'$ &76%6*$*($. A'4867$*6 4 *'(67( %61 )&'$=$ $ T(''(6 ()*( $54('6*> %(%( ('*&'6. I1 '(36&16+( %( %( ('* )&1* 1 3(1('$+ %6=('(1 ( 7$'6 %( *(7('$*&'> %( +$ 96 +$ 14$*(. C$&9$ +6)(6 %( (3(*$ 6( %61*'-&1 %( ('* &)*6& 4$*( =6 +6)$ $(6 )$& 1 '(36&16+( $'5*65( +6)$ 5>+%&'66 1(5()$'( 6( 66.

T6&'6 %( %( ('*- D( ('*&'6 $'6%(- D( ('*&'6 16)64$)( E'3- D( ('*&'6 6(*'4$)( )$& )*154$)( H$77$%$- D( ('*&'6 5& 6(*'6 S('6' - D( ('*&'6 %( )$'(

- P&)*6&'6 %( 3($ >F+4'$ 6 =$&1$I1 $5()*( '(36&16 $'6%( *'>6()5 +$1*( 6 $167$+(

$%$*$*( +$ 5$'(1 $ %( $>? 5$:-+$1*( 5'$))&+$5($(? *$7$'65$5($(? (&4'@6$5($(?5$5*$5($( 8('4*( 5$5*&)? )$+57? *$7$'68-$167$+( 5$: 7&)*(+6%$( %( )*(>? '(*6+(? 61)(5*(?

$'*'44%(? )54'6416? >6$1(16? 3$9(+(? %'47$%('6?5>76+(.


9/20

.#. S*(>S*($ '('(961*> 4 941> %( (3(*$ 6( 1 5$'( =+4'$ ()*( '('(9(1*$*> %( +$1*(

6('@4$)( 6 541%6 66+( 5+67$*('65( )&1* )(76$'6%(. S*((+( )&1* 5$'$5*('6)*65( '(36&16+4' (&'4$)6$*65(? %$' 4* =6 1*+16*(? 5& &1(+( 74%6=65>'6? 6 1 A='65$? A&)*'$+6$? 1 A7('65$

%( N4'% 6 1 A7('65$ %( S&%. 1 R4716$? '(36&16 %( )*(> )&1* 5(+( %61 ()*&+ C76(6R471(? 4 $'*( %61 D4@'43($ 6 &1 )(5*4' %61 )&%-()*&+ P4%6 &+&6 M4+%4(6. B64*4&+ )*((6 ()*( &1&+ %6=('6* %( 5(+ $+ >%&'6+4'. C$% & 61( '(566*$ 66? 1& 7$6 7&+* %( /00-00 77 ( $1. L&761496*$*($ ()*( '6%65$*>. T(7('$*&'$ 7(%6( 6$'1$ ()*( %(-0 C...-! C? 6$' $'$ 4$*( $&13( 1> +$ #0...#! C.S*((+( )( %(94+*> ( )4+&'6 %615+$)$ 74+6)4+&'6: 5('149647&'6? )4+&'6 5(1& 66 6 5$=(166.

F+4'$ )*((6 ()*( %4761$*> %( 3'$761(( 6 %61 +$1*( 5& '69476 5$'( )(

%(94+*> '$6% %&> 5( $$' 541%6 66 =$4'$@6+(? %$' 6 %61 *&=>'6 &'6 6 +$1*( )614$)(. E8(7+(: A(1$ )$*6$ 4>9? S$+6$ 4==6561$+6) )$+6(? O@641( (''&56=('$ 54+6+6(?E'136&7 +$1&7 )61&+ 1*&+&6? (*5. A'@4'66 6 $'@& *66 +6)()5 %61 5$%'&+ )*((+4'.

F$&1$. 1 )*(( )&1* 547&1( '49>*4$'(+( 6 ('@64'(+(? %6(')( )(566 %($1*6+4(? 5$6 )>+@$*656 6 5>76+$ 5& %4&> 5454$ ( %61*'( >)>'6 )( '(7$'5> %'46$. 1 A)6$ %( E)*? 54741(1*> 6 ($ $ '(36&166 @643(43'$=65( $+($'5*65(? =$&1$ ()*(4'6361$+>? 5& *63'66 )6@('6(16? &')&+ $1%$ &'6$ 1 7&1 66 %61 ()*&+ T6@(*&+&6. A167$+&+ )(56=65 A)6(6 ()*( %'47$%('&+? 4'6361$' =661% %61 )*((+( %61 &'&+ M>'66 C$)65(. 1I1%6$? =$&1$ ()*( 1 5($ 7$6 7$'( $'*( *'465$+> 6 )( $)($7>1> 5& 5($ $ A='6566. S(

1*$+1( *(: +(&+ 1 (161)&+$ K$*6$$' 6 )&%-()*&+ I'$1&+&6? *63'&+ $'6(+$3&+ 61%41(96$1? $5$+66 6 6(1(+( I1%6$. M$67& (+( )(56=65( )&1* 36@41&+ '(9(1* 1 14'%-()*&+ I1%6(6 6 1 M$17$' 6 &'$13&*$1&+ '(9(1* 1 61)&+(+( S&7$*('$ 6 B4'1(4.
http://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/India


10/20

./. S$$1$S$$1$ ()*( &1 *6 %( )*(> $='65$1>? )(76$'6%>? )6*&$*> 1 '(36&1($ *'465$+>

%61 $'*($ 5(1*'$+> $ A='6566.B64*4&+ ()*( %6=('6* %( 5(+ $+ $+*4' )*((. 1 )$$1> 5$% 7$6 & 61( '(566*$ 66

%(5* 1 )*($ (&'4($1>. C+67$ 1 )$$1> ()*( 7$6 5$+%>? 6$' $1&$+ )&1* 1'(36)*'$*(

)(5(*(. S4+&'6+( )&1* 7$6 & 61 =('*6+(? 6$' +&761496*$*($ ()*( 7$867>. S&1* 2 $14*67&'6'6156$+(: )(941&+ )(5(*4) 6 )(941&+ +464).F+4'$ )$$1(6 ()*( &1$ $%$*$*> 541%6 66+4' 5+67$*('65( 1('6(+165( %61

)$$1>. A)*=(+ 1 )$$1> )( 1*+1()5 $ $ $'@4'6? '(5&7 @$4@$@&+? 5$'( 4=('> =$&1(6=6*4=$3( $ )$$1(6 '$1$ 1(5()$'>. 1)> (3(*$ 6$ %4761$1*> ()*( 5($ 6('@4$)>. A)*=(+?(1*'& $ )&'$6( &6? $'@4'66 6 $'@& *66 %(496*($9> 1 *'&156 $> (1*'& $ )&'$6( &6 )(941&+&6 )(5(*4)? 6$' +$1*(+( 6('@4$)( 6 &)&5> $'*($ )&('64$'> $ 54'&+&6 )6*&$*>

%($)&'$ )4+&+&6? *'$1)4'*1% )&@)*$1 (+( '>16*4$'( 6 $$ +$ '>%>5616? 6 $)*=(+ '(%&5 ($4'$'($ $(6.

F$&1$ ()*( '('(9(1*$*> %( 7$6 7&+*( *6&'6 %( $167$+(:- 5$'164'(: +(&+? 6(1$? +(4$'%&+? 3($'%&+- '67$*(: @$@&61&+- 54'1&*(: $1*6+4$? $1*6+4$ 31&.

R(36&1( %( )$$1> %61P$'5&+ N$ 641$+ T$'$136'(


11/20

CAPITOLUL IIECOSISTEME ANTROPIATE

C$'$5*('6)*656+( (54)6)*(7(+4' $1*'469$*(D(=6166$ (54)6)*(7(+4' $1*'469$*( $7(1$$*(: )6)*(7( (54+4365( 1$*&'$+(?

4*6769$*( =6( (1*'& 4@61('($ &14' '4%&566 (3(*$+( )$& $167$+( )4'6*(? =6( (1*'&$+*( )54&'6 &7$1(. S&1* 61=+&(1$*( )(56=65 %( (86)*(1*$ )6 $5*66*$*($ &7$1$. D(61%%( 47 %61 &15* %( (%('( )*'&5*&'$+ - 4'3$169$*4'65.

S*'&5*&'$ &1&6 (54)6)*(7 $1*'469$* : E+(7(1*(+( '6156$+( )&1*:$ @645(149$ '('(9(1*$*$ %(: =6*45(149$ 1$*&'$+$ +$1*( %( 5&+*&'$

9445(149$ 1$*&'$+$ $167$+(+( %47()*65(@ *4*$+6*$*($ 4$7(16+4' %61 (54)6)*(75 $1)$7@+&+ '4%&)(+4' 1$*&'$+( 5'($*( '61 $5*66*>6 &7$1(.% %(496*(+( %( %(56'($ @645(149(6:'61 %6761&$'($ 1&7>'&+&6 %( +(3>*&'6 61*('1( ='$36+6*$*( $ (56+6@'&+&6 (54+4365.

T6&'6 %( (54)6)*(7( $1*'469$*(:(54)6)*(7( $5$*65( $1*'469$*(: +$5&'6+( %( @$'$?+$5&'6+( %( $5&7&+$'(? 6$9&'6+( )6 (+(


12/20

2.. A3'4(54)6)*(7(+(P'61 $3'4(54)6)*(7( )( 1(+(3( 1+45&6'($ =4'7(+4' 1$*&'$+( %( +$1*( )$&

$167$+( 5& $'6(*>6 5&+*6$*( )6 $167$+( %47()*65( (1*'& $)63&'$'($ &1(6

'4%&5*66*>6 7$'6.- P+$1*(: 5('($+(? +(3&7614$)(? '>%>5614$)(? 476 ='&5*6=('6? )(566 4'*654+(- A167$+(: 4'561(? 461(? '&7(3>*4$'(? >)>'6

C$'$5*('69$'($ (54+4365$ $ 54741(1*(+4' $3'4)6)*(7(+4':$ B645(149$:- P'4%&5>*4'66 '67$'6 $& =4)* )(+(5641$6 $'*6=656$+? 47&+ $7(+64'1% $** '4%&56$ 5$*)6 '(96)*(1*$ +$1*(+4' 5&+*6$*(

- C41)&7$*4'66 )&1* '('(9(1*$6 %( $167$+(+( %61 =('7(+( 944*(165( )$& 6)5654+( - N&7>'&+ $56&16+4' @64*65( 1(=$4'$@6+( ()*( '(%&)- O7&+ 541*'4+($9> 541)&7$*4'66 '>6*4'6 7$6 $+() $'$9666- I1 =('7( $$' @4+6 7(*$@4+65( )6 %( )*'() +$ $167$+(@B64*4&+:- =6(5$'( @64*4 ()*( '($+69$* )6 541*'4+$* %( 5$*'( 47- )4+&+ ()*( *'$1)=4'7$*? %((161% &1 54' $'*6=656$+ 61 5$'( =(147(1(+( 1$*&'$+( )&1*%6761&$*(- )( 61()*(*4$'(? (*5.


13/20

2.2.C47+(8( 944*(165(C47+(8(+( 944*(165( 5&'61% 5'()5>*4'66+( %( $167$+( 1 )54&+ 4@61('66

%( '4%&566 7$'6 4)*&'6 )6 @48(? ( 5$*(34'66 %( ')*$ )6 )(8(- 4&+$66+( )&1* 4743(1( 3(1(*65 )6 =(14*665- $167$+(+( )6-$& 6('%&* 61)*615*&$+ %( *('6*4'6$+6*$*( )6 61)*615*&$+ 7$*('1- )( '(7$'5$ 5'(66 )6 $ )*'()&+&6- $+*( )(566 %( 541)&7$*4'6 %(61 5415&'(1*( (1*'& '$1$: *4$'( %( 1(&74166? 3$)*'4(1*('6*(?

)$+741(+49(? *'6561(+49(- @$9$ *'4=65$ $ $167$+(+4' ()*( '('(9(1*$*$ %( 5&+*&'6+( =&'$('(@B64*4&+:- $'( &1 $1&76* 765'45+67$* 61*('64' 3(1('$* %( *(7('$*&'>? &76%6*$*( )6 +&761496*$*(- 1)&'(6 )(566 4 '4%&5*66*$*( 7$867$

Ferm de vaci


14/20

2.#. E54)6)*(7(+( $'6+4' &7$1(1 $'6+( &7$1(? 4$7(166 )( 3>)()5 61 61*('$56&1( 5& =$5*4'66 $@64*656?

@64*656 1$*&'$+6 )6 5& =$5*4'66 $'*6=656$+6 61*'4%&*&1(+(? )$*(+(? 547&1(+(.

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


15/20

CAPITOLUL IIIDETERIORAREA ECOSISTEMELOR PRIN POLUARE

D( 5(+( 7$6 7&+*( 4'6? 4'@61% %()'( 67$5*&+ 47&+&6 $)&'$ 7(%6&+&61541&'>*4'? )( =$5 '(=('6'6 +$ 4+&$'(. 1 '($+6*$*( $3'()6&1($ 47&+&6 %(>6 %6=('6*( %( %(*('64'$'( $7(%6&+&6.

P4+&$'($ ()*( &1$ %61 (+(. L$ $5($)*$ *'(@&6( $%>&3$*( 4 )('6( %( $+*( 5>6 %(%(*('64'$'(? 5$ : (8*'$3('($ %61 (54)6)*(7( $ &14' 54741(16 $@64*656 )$& @64+43656?61*'4%&5('($ %( (+(7(1*( @64+4365( - =+4'6)*65( )$& =$&16)*65( 5$'( %&5 +$ )567@$'($

(56+6@'(+4' (54+4365(? $ )*'&5*&'66 *'4=65(? $ '4%&5*66*>66 @64+4365( 74%6=65>'6 $+(&14' 1*'(36 @6476 '61 7$'6 541)*'&566 )$& +&5'>'6 6%'4*(165( )$& 6%'4$7(+64'$*6(%()=> $)&'$ 4'3$16)7(+4'? 5$'( %(3'$%($9> 54741(1*(+( 1(66 $+( 7(%6&+&6?'4451% %(9(56+6@'( (54+4365(. C$ $*$'(? 4'65( =$5*4' &*6+ 5$'( %(>


16/20

C+$)6=65$'($ 4+&>'66D&> 1$*&'$ 4+&$1*&+&6? 1*+167:

A. P4+&$'( 1$*&'$+>? 5( '('(961*> 4 67&'6=65$'( $ 7(%6&+&6 )&@ 61=+&(1$ =$5*4'6+4'1$*&'$+6? $1% 5$ )&')(:$ &+5$166? 5( (+6761> $'*65&+( )4+6%(? 3$9( '*>'6 %( +$ +45&+ (76*('66 #0-!0 7 1 )*'$*4)=('>@ 5&*'(7&'(+( '4%&5 ('*&'@$66 $*74)=('65( 6 '4(16*(%61 )4+ )&1* %(+$)$*( +$ 7$'6 %6)*$1( 4%$*> 5& 5&'(166 %( $(' =4'7$65 547(*(+( 4 &+@('( 54)765> %( 00 *41( ( *4* 3+4@&+. A'( 4$56&1( '(%&)> $)&'$ 4'3$16)7&+&6? (85(6( =$5( '$=&+ 54)765 541*$761$*'$%64$5*6% ('496&1($ )4+&+&6? %$*4'$*> $56&166 1*&+&6 5$1*6*>6 $'6$@6+( %( &+@('( %( '$= 5( )&1* &'*$*( %( 1* +$ 766%( 6+47(*'6( '(96%&&'6+( (3(*$+( ? $ $>'&* )&@ 61=+&(1$ =$5*4'&+&6 $1*'465. A5($)*$ 4$*( =6:- =6965>? '4%&)> %( 93474* 4+&$'( )414'>? '4%&)> %( )&@)*$1( '$%64$5*6(4+&$'( '$%64$5*6> '4%&)> %( $> 5$+%>? '$= (*5.- 56765> '4%&)> %( 547& %61 61=()*$'($ 7(%6&+&6 5& $3(16 $*43(16


17/20

CONCLUII

E54)6)*(7&+ '('(961*> '(9&+*$*&+ 61*('$56&166 %61*'( (+(7(1*(+( 66 $+5>*&6*> %61 @64*4&+ 45&$* %( 4 @645(149> %(4 '($+69$'( $ '4%&5*66*>66 @64+4365(.

P>%&'6+( )&1* (54)6)*(7( 547+(8( $ 7(%6&+&6 *('()*'& 5& 5($ 7$6 547+(8>)*'&5*&'> .A)*=(+? +$1*(+( )&1* '('(9(1*$*( '61 $'@4'6? $'@&6(%&'( 6(&6*4$'(+( )&1* %6)&)( 1 )*'$*&'6 )&55()6( 5$'( 1 3(1('$+54'()&1% 5& %6)&1('($ ( ('*65$+> $ (3(*$6(6. A5()*( )*'$*&'6 )&1*: )4+&+? +6*6('$='&19(+( 5>9&*(? ('1$ %( 7&

- '()&')> %( +$1*( 7(%6561$+(? ='&5*( %( >%&'(? 56&('56? 1$*- $)63&'> '4*(56$ *('(1&'6+4'


18/20

D( 5( *'(@&6( >)*'$*( %&'($? %$*4'6*> 54$56+4' )>6? $'( 4 5+67> 74%('$*> 5$'( 61=+&(1($9> 941(+(1541&'>*4$'( 56'5&6*&+ $(6? 1*&'6+(? 56'5&+$6$ $('&+&6 (*5.

E$ 7(161( &76%6*$*($ $%$ )( *4(*&'6+( %( $> ( ='&19( ( %&'( %'(* 547@&)*6@6+ ( 5$'( 4 4=('> >%&'($. F'&5*(+( %&'( )( =4+4)()5 +$ 5($6&'6 )$& (1*'& 4@61('($ &14' 7(%65$7(1*(. A+*( ='&5*( )&1*547()*6@6+( '4$)(*( )$& '($'$*( )6'4&'6? %&+5(&'6.

P>%&'($ '('(961*> &1 674'*$1* =41% 561(3(*65? &1(+( $167$+( =661% 1$*( (1*'&5$'1(? @+>1&'6? 54$'1( (*5.

D$*4'6*> *>6('6+4' (=(5*&$*( %( 47 96 (86)*> )&'$=((

1*61)( %( ( 5$'( >%&'($ $ =4)* 167656*>.E=(5*(+( %()>%&'6'6+4' )&1*:- ('496&1($ )4+&+&6 %('($ =('*6+6*>66 +&6- 61&1%$66+( '6+( %( *('(1- 5'(%('($ 5$1*6*>66 %( $> %61 $*74)=('> '(9&+*$*> %61 *'$1)6'$6$+$1*(+4'- 5'(*'( *('(1&'6+(

%(='6 %6=('(1( %( *(7('$*&'>- %6)$'66$ 7&+*4' )(566 %( +$1*(


19/20

BIBLIOGRAFIE

. B&5%61($1&? A.? ,2? E54+436(? E%. D6%. 1>%&5 A13(+$ ? 200,-C41)('$'($ @64%6(')6*>66? 14*( %( 5&')? -=4'7$* (+(5*'4165.

/. C43>+165($1&? D.? ? M$1$3(7(1*&+ 5$6*$+&+&6 1$*&'$+? E%. U16. B&5&'(1>%&5 A.? 2002? C41)('$'($ @64%6(')6*>66. E1*6*>6 1$*&'$+('4*($*(? E%. M6'$ D()631? S6@6&.

. I41()5&? C.? 2000? C&7 )> 541)*'&67 67+(7(1*>7 &1 )6)*(7 %( 7$1$3(7(1* %( 7(%6& 1541=4'76*$*( 5& ISO /00? E%. E5414765>? B&5&'(6+4'? E%. U16. L&56$1 B+$3$? S6@6&.

. S'@& I.? B(1(%(? A.M.? 202? E54+436( '$5*65>? (%66$ $ #-$? E%. U16. L&56$1 B+$3$? S6@6&.

0. S*&3'(1? B.? ,2? B$9(+( (54+436(6 3(1('$+(? E%. S*. ? B&5&'(? E%6*&'$ S$'76)? C+&-N$45$

2. V>%61($1&? A.? 544'%41$*4'? ? D(94+*$'($ %&'$@6+> *(4'6(


20/20

Va mulumesc pentruVa mulumesc pentru

atenie!atenie!

Date post:	17-Feb-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	blackpanter-alina
View:	225 times
Download:	0 times

ecosist.terestre

Documents