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BBiissee
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MMoonnaasstteerriieess aanndd CChhuurrcchheess ooff RRoommaanniiaa MM~~nn~~ssttiirrii [[ii bbiisseerriiccii ddiinn RRoommâânniiaa
WWaallaacchhiiaa aanndd OOlltteenniiaaMMuunntteenniiaa [[ii OOlltteenniiaa
DDeessccrriieerreeaa CCIIPP aa BBiibblliiootteecciiii NNaa]]iioonnaallee aa RRoommâânniieeiiGGhheeoorrgghhiiuu,, MMiihhaaiiMM~~nn~~ssttiirrii ddiinn RRoommâânniiaa.. OOlltteenniiaa [[ii MMuunntteenniiaa / foto.: Dan Ioan Dinescu,Mircea Savu, ßtefan Petrescu; text: Iustin Marchi[; trad.: Alina Cârâc-Bucure[ti: NOI Media Print, 2005.ISBN: 973-7959-23-X
I. Dinescu, Dan Ioan (foto.)II. Savu, Mircea (foto.)III. Petrescu, ßtefan (foto.)IV. Marchi[, Iustin (text)V. Cârâc, Alina (trad.)
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MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa AAnnttiimm
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa AArrnnoottaa
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa BBiissttrrii]]aa
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa BBrrâânnccoovveennii
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CC~~lldd~~rruu[[aannii
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CCeerrnniiccaa
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CCiioollaannuu
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CCoorrbbiiii ddee PPiiaattrr~~
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CCoozziiaa
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CCuurrtteeaa ddee AArrggee[[
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa DDeeaalluu
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa DDiinnttrr--uunn LLeemmnn
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa GGoovvoorraa
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa HHuurreezz
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa NN~~mm~~iiee[[ttii
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa PPoolloovvrraaggii
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa SSiinnaaiiaa
BBiisseerriiccaa SSttaavvrrooppoolleeooss
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa SSuurrppaatteellee
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa SSuuzzaannaa
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa TTiissmmaannaa
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa ZZaammffiirraa
TThhee AAnnttiimm MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee AArrnnoottaa MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee BBiissttrriittaa MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee BBrraannccoovveennii MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee CCaallddaarruussaannii MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee CCeerrnniiccaa MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee CCiioollaannuu MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee CCoorrbbiiii ddee PPiiaattrraa MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee CCoozziiaa MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee CCuurrtteeaa ddee AArrggeess MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee DDeeaalluu MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee OOnnee WWoooodd MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee GGoovvoorraa MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee HHuurreezz MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee NNaammaaiieessttii MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee PPoolloovvrraaggii MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee SSiinnaaiiaa MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee SSttaavvrrooppoolleeooss CChhuurrcchh
TThhee SSuurrppaatteellee MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee SSuuzzaannaa MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee TTiissmmaannaa MMoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee ZZaammffiirraa MMoonnaasstteerryy
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MMoonnaasstteerriieess aanndd CChhuurrcchheess ooff RRoommaanniiaa MM~~nn~~ssttiirrii [[ii bbiisseerriiccii ddiinn RRoommâânniiaa
WWaallaacchhiiaa aanndd OOlltteenniiaaMMuunntteenniiaa [[ii OOlltteenniiaa
Este binecunoscut faptul c~ atât românii cât [i
str~inii care ne viziteaz~ ]ara sunt îndemna]i pe c~i
oficiale, guvernamentale sau diplomatice, dar [i prin ini-
]iative private, s~ viziteze Bucovina cu renumitele sale
m~n~stiri. Cunoscând [i recunoscând unicitatea [i valoa-
rea acestora, ca transilv~nean [i monah, nu încetez, de
30 de ani, s~ cred [i s~ afirm c~ Oltenia [i mai ales
m~n~stirile vâlcene merit~ o aten]ie cel pu]in egal~.
De Oltenia [i mai ales de m~n~stirile Vodi]a,
Tismana [i Cozia, adic~ de ctitoriile din ¥ara Româ-
neasc~, se leag~ începuturile organiz~rii vie]ii mona-
hale la români. Dar nu trebuie s~ uit~m a-i aminti mai
întâi pe monahii din Dobrogea, renumi]ii Dionisie cel
Mic [i Sfântul Ioan Casian, pe monahii transilv~neni,
„schismatici” din Cenad-Morisena [i pe cei mara-
mure[eni de la Sfântul Mihail din Peri.
Cel care a organizat monahismul [i a fondat
primele m~n~stiri în ¥ara Româneasc~ este Sfântul
Nicodim (1406), ctitor la Vodi]a [i Tismana. Ucenicii
s~i au zidit M~n~stirea Cozia (1391) a c~rei biseric~ s-a
p~strat pân~ în zilele noastre, fiind cel mai vechi a[e-
z~mânt monahal, cu via]~ neîntrerupt~ de la noi. La
Cozia a tr~it [i fostul logof~t al lui Mircea cel B~trân,
Filos, devenit monahul Filotei [i socotit primul poet
român.
Tot din secolul al XIV-lea dateaz~ [i m~n~stirea
arge[ean~ Corbii de Piatr~, cu a sa biseric~ rupestr~
p~strat~ pân~ în zilele noastre. În zona Buz~ului, în
apropierea M~n~stirii Ciolanu, se g~sesc multe pe[teri
[i schituri în care s-au nevoit pustnici. O alt~ biseric~
rupestr~ p~strat~ pân~ ast~zi este cea a M~n~stirii
N~m~ie[ti din Arge[. Le-am numit pe toate acestea
gândindu-ne la primele bazilici [i chilii rupestre ale
m~n~stirilor din Dobrogea. Ruinele acestora se mai
p~streaz~ pân~ în zilele noastre, amintind de
Capadocia [i de vechile a[ez~minte rupestre din
Romanians and foreigners who visit Romania
receive private, official, governmental or diplomatic
recommendations to visit Bukowina and its renowned
monasteries. Knowing and acknowledging their unique
character and worth, as a Transylvanian and a monk
these last thirty years I have never stopped believing
and maintaining that Oltenia and the monasteries of
Valcea in particular deserve at least the same attention.
The swaddling days of monastic life with Roma-
nians are related to Oltenia, to the monasteries of Vodi-
ta, Tismana and Cozia in Wallachia. We should also
mention here the monks of Dobruja, the famed Dio-
nysius Exiguus (Denis the Little) and Saint John Cassian,
the Transylvanian “schismatic” monks of Cenad-Mori-
sena, and the Maramures monks of Saint Michael of
Peri.
Saint Nicodemus (d. 1406) organized monasticism
in this country and laid the foundations of the first
monasteries in Wallachia: Vodita and Tismana. His
followers erected the Cozia Monastery (1391) the
church of which is still standing and is the oldest
settlement of uninterrupted monastic life in Romania.
Philos, former steward of Ruler Mircea the Old, deemed
the first Romanian poet, became monk Philotei and
lived at Cozia.
The Arges Monastery of Stone Ravens with its rock
church also dates back to the 14th century, and has
been preserved to this day. In the area of Buzau, near
the Ciolanu Monastery there are several caves and
sketes where hermits led a reclusive life. Another rock
church preserved to this day is that of the Namaiesti
Monastery of Arges. I have recalled all these names
having in mind the first basilicas and rock cells of the
monasteries in Dobruja. Their ruins, visible even
nowadays, remind one of Cappadocia and the old rock
settlements in the Christian Orient that bespeak the
A Few Landmarks of History andReligious Architecture
CCââtteevvaa rreeppeerree ddee iissttoorriiee [[ii aarrhhiitteeccttuurr~~ ssaaccrr~~
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Orientul cre[tin, care ne trimit la începuturile
monahismului r~s~ritean ale primelor secole cre[tine,
unde î[i are originea [i monahismul românesc. În istoria
sa ulterioar~ el va r~mâne strâns legat de Muntele
Athos, pân~ ast~zi centrul monahismului ortodox.
În timp ce, în Moldova, ßtefan cel Mare este
considerat ca fiind cel mai mare ctitor de m~n~stiri [i
biserici, în ¥ara Româneasc~, Matei Basarab a ctitorit
cele mai multe a[ez~minte biserice[ti [i monahale, fiind
cel mai mare întemeietor de l~ca[uri sfinte din istoria
românilor. În vremea lui Matei Basarab apar [i primele
manuscrise muzicale [i miniaturi, monahii caligrafiind [i
înfrumuse]ând manuscrise [i c~r]i liturgice.
Dac~ am pomenit de mari ctitori nu trebuie s~ îl
uit~m pe Radu cel Mare [i biserica M~n~stirii Dealu, dar
nici pe Neagoe Basarab cu M~n~stirea Snagov [i
Biserica Episcopal~ de la Curtea de Arge[, care a
adunat la sfin]ire, în 1517, în ziua de Sfânta Maria
Mare, al~turi de patriarhul Constantinopolului, ierarhi
[i clerici din întreaga ortodoxie. Nu-l uit~m îns~ nici pe
mai pu]in cunoscutul Radu Paisie, ctitorul bolni]ei
Coziei, socotit~ bijuteria arhitecturii muntene[ti a seco-
lului al XVI-lea. Prin construirea acestui l~ca[ se adaug~
o nou~ dimensiune vie]ii monahale: ocrotirea [i
t~m~duirea celor afla]i în suferin]~. Tot de numele lui
Matei Basarab se leag~ [i M~n~stirea Arnota, unde este
[i înmormântat, dar [i m~n~stirile C~ld~ru[ani, Brân-
coveni, Dintr-un Lemn.
Pe lâng~ domnitori, numero[i boieri, stare]i [i
monahi au zidit sau au ref~cut m~n~stiri [i biserici ale
unor m~n~stiri: schiturile Cornetu [i Crasna,
M~n~stirea Gura Motrului în secolul al XVI-lea,
schiturile Iezeru [i Ostrov [i m~n~stirile Topolni]a,
Surpatele [i Turnu, în secolul urm~tor.
Domnitorul martir Constantin Brâncoveanu a
ctitorit M~n~stirea Hurez, f~r~ putin]~ de t~gad~
complexul m~n~stiresc cel mai reprezentativ pentru
]ara noastr~, care cuprinde, pe lâng~ biserica mare [i
early days of eastern monasticism in the first Christian
centuries when Romanian monasticism took shape. Its
subsequent history will stay closely connected to
Mount Athos, the center of Christian orthodox
monasticism.
While in Moldavia Stephen the Great emerged as
the greatest founder of monasteries and churches, in
Wallachia, it was Matei Basarab who built the most
numerous religious abodes, being considered the most
arduous constructor of holy places in Romania’s
history. His epoch also saw the printing of the first
musical scores and illuminations, as monks used to pen
and decorate liturgical volumes.
Among the conspicuous founders of religious
abodes in this country mention should also be made of
Radu the Great and the church of the Dealu Monas-
tery, Neagoe Basarab and his Snagov Monastery and
Episcopal Church of Curgea de Arges that was
hallowed in 1517 on Virgin Mary’s Day, in the presence
of the patriarch of Constantinople, and of clergy from
the entire Christian Orthodox world. A less known
name is that of Radu Paisie, founder of the Cozia
hospital, seen as the jewel of 16th century Wallachian
architecture. The erection of that establishment gave a
fresh dimension to religious life: treatment and cure of
suffering persons. The monastery of Arnota, where
Matei Basarab is buried, is another foundation of this
worthy Prince, alongside those of Caldarusani, Bran-
coveni, Dintr-un Lemn.
Besides princes, there were also numerous boyars,
abbots and monks who built or remade various
monasteries and churches. To mention only the sketes
of Cornetu and Crasna, the Gura Motrului Monastery
of the 16th century, the Iezeru and Ostrov sketes, the
monasteries of Topolnita, Surpatele and Turnu, the
17th century.
Martyr Ruler Constantin Brancoveanu founded the
Hurez Monastery, undoubtedly the most representatives
OOlltteenniiaa
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paraclisul din incint~, biserica [i ruinele bolni]ei, pre-
cum [i schiturile Sfântul ßtefan, Sfin]ii Apostoli [i
Sfântul Ioan. Al~turi de alte ctitorii ale lui Constantin
Brâncoveanu, m~n~stirea este reprezentativ~ pentru
stilul brâncovenesc, sintez~ arhitectural~ original~ între
Orient [i Occident, pe care me[terii epocii sale l-au
izvodit, avându-l ca pov~]uitor chiar pe duhovnicul
domnitorului, Ioan Arhimadritul.
Importante sunt [i m~n~stirile zidite în veacul al XVIII-lea,
cum a fost de pild~ M~n~stirea V~c~re[ti, cea mai mare
din spa]iul balcanic al epocii, d~râmat~ îns~, împreun~
cu bisericile Cotroceni, Sfântul Pantelimon [i alte bise-
rici din Bucure[ti în deceniul nou~ al secolului trecut.
Tot din aceast~ epoc~ dateaz~ [i m~n~stirile Stavro-
poleos, Antim, Suzana, Polovragi, Surpatele, St~ni[oara.
A[ez~mintele monahale din acel timp, ca de altfel
dintotdeauna, nu sunt doar l~ca[uri de rug~ciune, ci [i
centre de cultur~ în care arhitectura, pictura, icoana,
tip~riturile [i muzica liturgic~ continu~ [i îmbog~]esc
tradi]ia.
Cel mai de seam~ eveniment al acestei perioade
este mi[carea paisian~, dup~ numele Sfântului Paisie
Velicicovski de la Neam] (1794). Ea a început cu
stare]ul Vasile de la Poiana M~rului (Buz~u), reînviind
astfel tradi]ia isihast~ proprie dintotdeauna monahis-
mului oriental [i r~spândit~ prin stare]ul Gheorghe la
Cernica [i C~ld~ru[ani [i prin Sfântul Calinic pân~ la
M~n~stirea Fr~sinei din Vâlcea.
Trebuie s~ spunem r~spicat c~ în 1864, prin legea
seculariz~rii, monahismul ca [i Biserica primesc o grea
lovitur~, singura m~n~stire a c~rei avere a r~mas
nesecularizat~ fiind M~n~stirea Fr~sinei, acest lucru
datorându-se sfin]eniei ctitorului ei, Sfântul Calinic, a[a
cum reiese dintr-un act semnat chiar de domnitorul
Alexandru Ioan Cuza.
Greu încercat~ prin legile lui Al.I.Cuza, via]a
monahal~ se revigoreaz~ la începutul secolului al XX-lea,
dup~ ce în secolul al XIX-lea s-au zidit m~n~stirile
religious compound in Romania, which features a big
church, the precincts chapel, the church and the ruins
of the hospital, as well as the Saint Stephen, the Holy
Apostles and the Saint John sketes. Next to other
foundations by Constantin Brancoveanu, the
monastery is characteristic of the Brancovan style, an
original architectural synthesis between the West and
the east created by the masters craftsmen of the epoch,
having as spiritual guide John the archimandrite, the
confessor of the ruler.
Other important abodes are those of the 18th
century, the Vacaresti Monastery, the biggest in the
Balkans at the time, but pulled down together with the
churches of Cotroceni, St. Pantelimon and others in
Bucharest in the eighth decade of the 20th century.
The monasteries of Stavropoleos, Antim, Suzana,
Polovragi, Surpatele, and Stanisoara also date back to
the 18th century.
The monastic settlements of the time and of
always are not merely places of devotion but also
centers of culture where architecture, painting, icons,
printings and liturgical music continue to enrich the
tradition.
The most important event of the time was the
movement led by Paisie (Saint Paisie Velicicovski of
Neamt, 1794). It began with monk Vasile of Poiana
Marului (Buzau) who revived the hesychast tradition
proper to Eastern monasticism and established by
monk Gheorghe at Cernica and Caldarusani and by
Saint Calinic at the Frasinei Monastery of Valcea.
It must be clearly showed that in 1864 the law of
secularization dealt a heavy blow at monasticism and
the Church. Only the monastery of Frasinei preserved
its wealth and that was due to the holiness of its
founder, Saint Calinic, as revealed by a document
signed by Ruler Alexandru Ioan Cuza.
Seriously tested following the laws promoted by
Al.I.Cuza, monastic life gained again impetus in the
MMuu
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Ghighiu, Pas~rea, Zamfira, ultima fiind zugr~vit~ de
tân~rul Nicolae Grigorescu, ca s~ fie apoi [i mai greu
încercat~ în timpul regimului totalitar, printr-un decret
din 1959, ce a redus drastic atât num~rul schiturilor [i
m~n~stirilor cât [i pe cel al monahilor [i monahiilor ce
se nevoiau în ele.
Dup~ 1989, monahismul, ca de altfel întreaga
via]~ bisericeasc~, cunoa[te o rena[tere f~r~
precedent. Dar nu trebuie s~ uit~m c~ în r~stimp, în
jurul M~n~stirii Antim din Bucure[ti, s-au adunat
monahi [i oameni de cultur~ ca niciunde în Europa
acelor vremi, mai ales în spa]iul st~pânit de sovietici.
Aici reînvie, pilduitor, sub îndrumarea unui monah rus
de la Optina, rug~ciunea inimii, a[a cum la Sâmb~ta
F~g~ra[ului este reînviat duhul filocalic prin lucrarea
unui monah [i a unui teolog. Toate acestea, dup~ ce
m~n~stirile parc~ disp~ruser~, fiind considerate doar
„monumente istorice”.
Ieromonah Iustin Marchi[
early 20th century. The 19th century saw the building of
the monasteries of Ghighiu, Pasarea, Zamfira, the last
being painted by young Nicolae Grigorescu, and then
awfully oppressed by the totalitarian system under a
decree of 1959 that drastically cut down the number of
sketes and monasteries and of the clergy serving them.
After 1989, monasticism, like the entire church life
witnessed an unprecedented rebirth. Still, before this
date it should be noted that around the Antim
Monastery of Bucharest monks and men of culture
gathered like nowhere in Europe in the area under the
Soviet umbrella. Under the guidance of a Russian monk
from Optina there came to life, exemplarity, the prayer
of the heart, just as at Sambata Fagarasului the
philokalia spirit is called to life by the works of a monk
and a theologian. And all this after a time when
monasteries had vanished, being deemed mere
“historic monuments”.
Hieromonk Iustin Marchis
uunntteenniiaa
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Este ctitoria mitropolitului AntimIvireanul, din anii 1713-1715. Biserica,având hramul Duminica Tuturor Sfin]ilor,este construit~ în plan treflat [i apar]ine,prin concep]ie arhitectonic~ [i decora]ie,stilului brâncovenesc. Iconostasul, dinpiatr~ sculptat~ (unic în arta româ-neasc~), ca [i u[a bisericii, bogat împo-dobit~, sunt atribuite chiar lui Antim.
În anul 1912, în incinta m~n~stirii s-aconstruit Palatul Sfântului Sinod alBisericii Ortodoxe Române, care ad~-poste[te [i biblioteca. Acesta, în urmasistematiz~rii zonei pentru construc]iaCentrului Civic, în 1984 a fost mutat peo distan]~ de 25 m, cu o rotire de 13grade.
M~n~stirea a fost restaurat~ în anul1950. Ea de]ine un muzeu cu obiecte decult [i o expozi]ie dedicat~ vie]ii [iactivit~]ii mitropolitului Antim Ivireanul,canonizat în 1992 de Sfântul Sinod, fiindînscris în calendar în data de 27 sep-tembrie.
BBiisseerriiccaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii,, vv~~zzuutt~~ ddiinnsspprree vveesstt
TThhee mmoonnaasstteerryy cchhuurrcchh sseeeenn ffrroomm tthhee wweesstt
It is founded by metropolitan AntimIvireanul between 1713 and 1715. Dedi-cated to All Saints Sunday, it has atrefoiled design and its architecture anddecoration is in the Brancovan style. Theiconostasis, in sculpted stone, (unique inRomanian art) as well as the richlyadorned church door, are attributed toAntim himself.
In 1912, the palace of the HolySynod of the Romanian OrthodoxChurch was built within the monasteryprecincts, also housing a library. Follo-wing the development of the area forthe erection of the Civic Center it wasmoved on a distance of 25 meters, at a13-degree rotation.
The monastery was restored in1950. It houses a museum of religiousarticles and an exhibition dedicated tothe life and activity of metropolitanAntim Ivireanul, canonized in 1992 bythe Holy Synod, and celebrated in thecalendar on September 27.
TThhee AAnnttiimm MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa AAnnttiimm
SSffâânnttuull IIeerraarrhh NNiiccoollaaee [[ii
SSffâânnttuull AAlleexxiiee
Mozaicuri din pridvorul bisericii.
SSaaiinntt HHiieerraarrcchh NNiicchhoollaass
aanndd SSaaiinntt AAlleexxiiee
Mosaics on the church porch.
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Founded in 1634 by Ruler MateiBasarab on the spot of older churches,it is dedicated to Saints ArchangelsMichael and Gabriel. The specificWallachian architecture features a trilo-bate design, with apses and porch. Thelast mentioned, together with the tu-rret it supports is the work of RulerConstantin Brancoveanu, added in1705-1706, when the painting wastouched up and the iconostasis and thedoor were changed. Ruler Barbu Stirbeyrenovated the church between 1852 and1856, making new cells, and between1954 and 1958 the entire abode wasconsolidated and modernized.
The tomb of the founder, RulerMatei Basarab and of his father are laidin the church pronaos.
A fost întemeiat~ în 1634 devoievodul Matei Basarab, pe loculunor biserici mai vechi [i are hramulSfin]ii Arhangheli Mihail [i Gavriil.Arhitectura este specific~ ¥~riiRomâne[ti: plan trilobat, cu abside [ipridvor. Acesta din urm~, împreun~ cuturla de pe el, a fost ad~ugat în 1705-1706 de voievodul Constantin Brân-coveanu, care a renovat pictura [i aschimbat iconostasul [i u[a. Biserica afost renovat~ în 1852-1856 dedomnitorul Barbu ßtirbei, care a con-struit [i cl~diri noi pentru chilii, iar înanii 1954-1958 întregul a[ez~mânt afost consolidat [i modernizat.
În pronaosul bisericii se afl~ mor-mântul ctitorului, voievodul MateiBasarab, [i cel al tat~lui acestuia.
TThhee AArrnnoottaa MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa AArrnnoottaa
BBiisseerriiccaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii
Vedere dinspre nord-vest.
TThhee mmoonnaasstteerryy cchhuurrcchh
View from the northwest.
VVeeddeerree ggeenneerraall~~ aa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii
Imagine de la sfâr[itul
secolului al XIX-lea.
GGeenneerraall vviieeww ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy
Photo from the late 19th century.
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VVooiieevvoodduull MMaatteeii BBaassaarraabb
Naosul bisericii, tablou votiv.
RRuulleerr MMaatteeii BBaassaarraabb
Naos of the church, votive painting.
IInncciinnttaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii [[ii bbiisseerriiccaa
Vedere dinspre nord-vest.
TThhee pprreecciinnccttss ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy
aanndd tthhee cchhuurrcchh
View from the northwest.
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DDooaammnnaa EElliinnaa
Naosul bisericii, tablou votiv.
PPrriinncceessss EElliinnaa
Naos of the church, votive painting..
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The abode was founded between1492 and 1494 by the Craiovescubrothers: Barbu (who became monkPahomie), Parvu, Danciu and Radu.Pulled down by Mihnea the Evil in1509, the church was rebuilt andpainted during the reign of RulerNeagoe Basarab (1515-1519) by theCraiovescu boyars. Ruler ConstantinBrancoveanu had it repainted in 1684.
As the 1838 earthquake seriouslydamaged it, the church and its annexeswere consolidated between 1846 and1855 under Ruler Gheorghe Bibescuand Barbu Stirbei. The painting is thework of Gheorghe Tattarescu. Dedica-ted to The Dormition, the monasteryhouses the relics of Saint Gregory theDecapolite, brought over by BarbuCraiovescu in 1497. He also built theinfirmary of the church (1520-1521),still standing.
Close by, in the Bistrita cave thereare two sketes: Vovidenie and HolyArchangels Michael and Gabriel. Thefirst printing house in the RomanianLands operated in this Bistrita monasticestablishment, where Macarie’s Missalwas printed in 1508.
TThhee BBiissttrriittaa MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa BBiissttrrii]]aa
A fost ctitorit~ în anii 1492-1494de fra]ii Craiove[ti: Barbu (devenitmonahul Pahomie), Pârvu, Danciu [iRadu. D~râmat~ de Mihnea cel R~u în1509, biserica a fost recl~dit~ [i zugr~-vit~ în timpul voievodului NeagoeBasarab (1515-1519) de boierii Craio-ve[ti. Voievodul Constantin Brâncovea-nu a repictat-o în 1684.
Dup~ avarierea lor la cutremuruldin 1838, biserica [i cl~dirile au fostrezidite între 1846 [i 1855, subdomnitorii Gheorghe Bibescu [i Barbußtirbei; pictura a fost executat~ deGheorghe Tattarescu. Biserica, avândhramul Adormirea Maicii Domnului,ad~poste[te moa[tele Sfântului Grigo-rie Decapolitul, aduse în 1497 de BarbuCraiovescu. Acesta a construit [ibiserica-bolni]~ (1520-1521), care exis-t~ [i azi.
În apropiere, în pe[tera Bistri]ei, seafl~ dou~ schituri: Vovidenie [i Sfin]iiArhangheli Mihail [i Gavriil. În a[ez~-mântul monahal de la Bistri]a a fun-c]ionat prima tiparni]~ din ¥~rile Ro-mâne, aici fiind tip~rit Liturghierul luiMacarie, în 1508.
BBiisseerriiccaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii,, vv~~zzuutt~~ ddiinnsspprree
ssuudd--vveesstt
TThhee mmoonnaasstteerryy cchhuurrcchh sseeeenn ffrroomm
ssoouutthhwweesstt
VVeeddeerree ppaannoorraammiicc~~ aa
mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii ddiinnsspprree ssuudd
Imagine de la sfâr[itul
secolului al XIX-lea.
SSoouutthheerrnn ppaannoorraammiicc vviieeww
ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy
Photo from the late
19th century.
18
19
SScchhiittuull VVoovviiddeenniiee
Biserica rupestr~, pictur~ mural~
în naos.
TThhee VVoovviiddeenniiee SSkkeettee
Rock church, mural paintings in
the naos.
SSffâânnttuull MMuucceenniicc MMiinnaa
Pictur~ mural~ în naosul bisericii, de
Gh. Tattarescu (1820-1894).
SSaaiinntt MMaarrttyyrr MMiinnaa
Mural painting in the church naos
by G. Tattarescu (1820-1894).
SSffâânnttuull MMuucceenniicc EEuussttaa]]iiuu
Pictur~ mural~ în naos, de
Gh. Tattarescu.
SSaaiinntt MMaarrttyyrr EEuussttaattiiuu
Mural painting in the naos by
G. Tattarescu.
IIiissuuss PPaannttooccrraattoorr
Biserica bolni]ei, calota turlei,
pictur~ mural~.
CChhrriisstt PPaannttooccrraattoorr
The church of the infirmary,, the
vault of the turret, mural painting.
SSffâânnttuull EEffttiimmiiee
Pictur~ mural~ în naos de
Gh. Tattarescu.
SSaaiinntt EEffttiimmiiee
Mural painting in the naos
by G. Tattarescu.
SSffâânnttuull GGrriiggoorriiee
Pictur~ mural~ în naos,
de Gh. Tattarescu.
SSaaiinntt GGrreeggoorryy
Mural painting in the
naos by G. Tattarescu.
20
21
23
A[ez~mântul monahal existent aicidin secolul al XVI-lea a fost ref~cut în1640 de voievodul Matei Basarab. Dinaceast~ epoc~ se mai p~streaz~ st~re]ia,turnul-clopotni]~ [i o parte din zidul deincint~. Voievodul Constantin Brânco-veanu a construit biserica actual~, cuhramul Sfântul Nicolae (1699), în loculcelei vechi, biserica bolni]ei (1670). Înbiserica m~n~stirii este înmormântatPapa Brâncoveanu, tat~l voievodului.
În timpul r~zboiului turco-austriacdin 1716-1718 m~n~stirea a fost ars~par]ial, cutremurul din 1838 a avariat-ograv, secularizarea din timpul lui A.I.Cuzaa transformat-o într-un a[ez~mântmodest (al c~rui curator a fost vestitulPopa ßapc~).
Ref~cut~ par]ial de episcopul Varto-lomei St~nescu, a fost desfiin]at~, ca [ialtele, în 1959. Abia dup~ 1980 au înce-put lucr~ri ample de repara]ii, consolid~ri[i renov~ri.
În beciul mare de sub st~re]ie s-aamenajat un lapidariu model, unde aufost ad~postite [i sculpturi ale unor bise-rici demolate din Bucure[ti.
IInncciinnttaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii [[ii bbiisseerriiccaa,, vv~~zzuuttee
ddiinnsspprree ssuudd--vveesstt
TThhee pprreecciinnccttss ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy aanndd tthhee
cchhuurrcchh sseeeenn ffrroomm tthhee ssoouutthhwweesstt
TThhee BBrraannccoovveennii MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa BBrrâânnccoovveennii
TTuurrnnuull--ccllooppoottnnii]]~~,, vv~~zzuutt ddiinn
pprriiddvvoorruull bbiieerriicciiii
TThhee bbeellffrryy ttoowweerr sseeeenn ffrroomm tthhee
ppoorrcchh ooff tthhee cchhuurrcchh
The monastic establishment existinghere since the 16th century was recon-structed in 1640 by Prince Matei Basarab.The abbey, the belfry, and part of theprecincts wall have been preserved to thisday. Prince Constantin Brancoveanuerected the present church dedicated toSaint Nicholas (1699) on the spot of theold one, the hospital church (1670). PapaBrancoveanu, the prince’s father, isburied in the monastery church.
The church was partly burnt downduring the Turkish-Austrian war of 1716-1718, then damaged by the 1838 earth-quake. Prince A.I.Cuza turned it into amodest secular establishment (having thefamous Priest Sapca as curator). Partly re-furbished by bishop Vartolomei Stanescu,it was shut down in 1959, like manyothers religious abodes. Only after 1980ample repair, consolidation, and reno-vation works were undertaken.
A lapidarium has been set up in theextensive cellar under the abbey, whichalso shelters carvings and sculptures fromchurches that have been demolished inBucharest.
25
A fost ctitorit~ de domnitorulMatei Basarab în anul 1638, pe loculunui vechi schit de lemn, în forma unuicareu de chilii ap~rate de un zid [i unturn de straj~ (actuala clopotni]~).
Biserica, având hramul SfântulDumitru, zidit~ în 100 de zile, în form~de trefl~, este o combina]ie de stiluriarhitectonice, ca [i cea de la M~n~stireaDealu. Pictura a fost ref~cut~ de maimulte ori, în secolele XVIII-XX. ßcoalade pictori biserice[ti, care a existat aicidin 1778, a fost frecventat~ [i deNicolae Grigorescu în anii 1854-1856.Tot aici, în 1825 s-a înfiin]at o tipogra-fie. M~n~stirea de]ine una din cele maivaloroase colec]ii muzeale: ve[minte,obiecte de cult, tip~rituri, icoane(câteva pictate de Nicolae Grigorescu).
IInncciinnttaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii [[ii bbiisseerriiccaa,, vv~~zzuuttee
ddiinnsspprree ssuudd--vveesstt
TThhee pprreecciinnccttss ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy aanndd tthhee
cchhuurrcchh sseeeenn ffrroomm tthhee ssoouutthhwweesstt
Founded by Ruler Matei Basarab in1638 on the spot of an older woodenskete, the establishment is square, withcells protected by a wall and a watchtower (the present belfry).
Dedicated to Saint Dimitry, thechurch was erected in 100 days on atrefoiled design, and is a combination ofarchitectural styles, just like the DealuMonastery. The painting was remadeseveral times in the 18th-20th centuries.Between 1854 and 1856, Nicolae Grigo-rescu, too, studied at the school of reli-gious painting existing here from 1778.A printing house was also opened herein 1825. The monastery boasts one ofthe most valuable museum collections ofreligious attire, articles, printings, icons (afew painted by Nicolae Grigorescu).
TThhee CCaallddaarruussaannii MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CC~~lldd~~rruu[[aannii
VVeeddeerree ppaannoorraammiicc~~ aa llaaccuulluuii [[ii aa
mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii ddiinnsspprree ssuudd--eesstt
PPaannoorraammiicc vviieeww ooff tthhee llaakkee aanndd ooff
tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy ffrroomm tthhee ssoouutthheeaasstt
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SSffiinn]]iiii GGhheeoorrgghhee [[ii DDiimmiittrriiee
Icoan~ de Nicolae Grigorescu (muzeul
m~n~stirii).
SSaaiinnttss GGeeoorrggee aanndd DDiimmiittrryy
Icon by Nicolae Grigorescu (museum of the
monastery).
SSffiinn]]iiii ßßtteeffaann,, SStteelliiaann [[ii PPaanntteelliimmoonn
Icoan~ de Nicolae Grigorescu (muzeul
m~n~stirii).
SSaaiinnttss SStteepphheenn,, SStteelliiaann aanndd PPaanntteelliimmoonn
Icon by Nicolae Grigorescu (museum of the
monastery).
IIiissuuss [[ii SSaammaarriitteeaannccaa
Icoan~ de Nicolae Grigorescu,
1854-1855 (muzeul m~n~stirii).
JJeessuuss aanndd tthhee SSaammaarriittaann WWoommaann
Icon by Nicolae Grigorescu, 1854-
1855 (museum of the monastery).
IIiissuuss ÎÎmmpp~~rraatt
Icoan~ de Nicolae Grigorescu, 1855
(muzeul m~n~stirii).
CChhrriisstt EEnntthhrroonneedd
Icon by Nicolae Grigorescu, 1855
(museum of the monastery).
27
29
OO ppaarrttee ddiinn iinncciinntt~~,, vv~~zzuutt~~ ddiinnsspprree vveesstt
AA ppaarrtt ooff pprreecciinnccttss sseeeenn ffrroomm tthhee wweesstt
Conform hrisovului existent înmuzeul m~n~stirii, aceasta a fostîntemeiat~ în 1608 de Cernica ßtirbei,mare vornic al domnitorilor MihaiViteazul [i Radu ßerban. A[ez~mântul esituat pe dou~ ostroave, care [i-au luatnumele de la hramurile bisericilorconstruite pe ele: Sfântul Nicolae [iSfântul Gheorghe.
M~n~stirea a fost fondat~ peostrovul Sfântul Nicolae, biserica [icâteva case d~inuind pân~ la sfâr[itulsecolului al XVIII-lea. Biserica actual~ afost construit~ în 1815.
Sfântul Calinic, stare] al m~n~stirii înanii 1818-1850, a zidit biserica SfântulGheorghe pe cel~lalt ostrov (1831-1842), mutând aici întreaga ob[te amonahilor. Numai ostrovul SfântulGheorghe r~mânea accesibil pentrucredincio[i, unde câ]iva c~lug~ri ]ineauserviciile religioase.
La Cernica a existat o [coal~ depictur~ [i de copi[ti. Numeroase persona-lit~]i ale culturii române (Gala Galaction,Tudor Arghezi, Ion ¥uculescu [i al]ii) autr~it aici, au avut leg~turi strânse cum~n~stirea sau î[i dorm somnul de veciîn cimitirul acesteia. Biserica Sfântul Laz~rdin cimitirul m~n~stirii dateaz~ din 1804.
According to the document existingin the monastery it was founded in 1608by Cernica Stirbey, great justiciar ofRulers Michael the Brave and RaduSerban. The establishment is situated ontwo isles taking their names from thechurches built on them dedicated toSaint Nicholas and Saint George.
The monastery was founded on isleSaint George, its church and a fewhouses standing until the end of the18th century. The present church waserected in 1815.
Saint Calinic, who was abbot of themonastery between 1818 and 1850 builtthe Saint George Church on the otherisle (1831-1842), moving there the entirecommunity of monks. Only the isle ofSaint George could be visited by thefaithful and a few monks said massthere.
At Cernica there was once a schoolof painting and copyists. Numerouspersonalities of the Romanian culture(writer Gala Galaction, poet TudorArghezi, painter Ion Tuculescu andothers) lived here, had close ties with themonastery and now rest unto eternity inthe cemetery of the monastery. The SaintLazarus Church from the monasterycemetery dates back to 1804.
OOssttrroovvuull SSffâânnttuull GGhheeoorrgghhee
Vedere aerian~ cu biserica, corpurile
de chilii [i muzeul m~n~stirii.
TThhee SSaaiinntt GGeeoorrggee IIssllee
Bird’s eye view with the church,
cells and monastery museum.
TThhee CCeerrnniiccaa MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CCeerrnniiccaa
VVeeddeerree ggeenneerraall~~ aa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii,,
llaattuurraa ddee nnoorrdd
GGeenneerraall vviieeww ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy,,
tthhee nnoorrtthheerrnn wwiinngg
CCaassaa mmeemmoorriiaall~~ SSffâânnttuull CCaalliinniicc
TThhee SSaaiinntt CCaalliinniicc mmeemmoorriiaall hhoouussee
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CCeerrnniiccaa
Interiorul bisericii.
TThhee CCeerrnniiccaa MMoonnaasstteerryy
Inside view.
IIzzvvoorruull TT~~mm~~dduuiirriiii,, aaffllaatt llaa
iinnttrraarreeaa îînn mm~~nn~~ssttiirree
TThhee SSpprriinngg ooff HHeeaalliinngg aatt tthhee
eennttrraannccee ttoo tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy
31
The name of the monastery comesfrom the hill on which it stands. Thechurch, formerly a skete, dedicated toSaint George, dates back to 1590 (thepresent painting was done in 1860). In1828, bishop Chesarie built the bigchurch dedicated to Apostles Peter andPaul, and painted by Nicolae Teodo-rescu Pitaru. Remade in 1862 after thefire of 1854, the church was decoratedwith frescoes by the same NicolaeTeodorescu. In 1934 an oil paintingwas achieved on top of the former, andthen was restored in 1984.
After 1970, new storied-houses we-re erected instead of the former cellson the three sides of the precinctssquare, one of them opening as themonastery museum. The collectionincludes icons, old books, religiousitems, a.s.o. The iconostasis in the bigchurch features three icons painted byG. Tattarescu in 1886.
Starting with 1970 the stonesculpture camp of Magura is organizedin the meadows in front of the mo-nastery, an event that has grown largerwith every passing year.
Numele m~n~stirii vine de la celal dealului pe care se afl~. Biserica,având hramul Sfântul Gheorghe,dateaz~ din 1590 (pictura actual~fiind realizat~ în 1860), când aici eraun schit. Acesta ulterior s-a extins,episcopul Chesarie zidind în 1828biserica mare, cu hramul Sfin]iiApostoli Petru [i Pavel, pictat~ deNicolae Teodorescu Pitaru. Ref~cut~în 1862, dup~ incendiul din 1854,biserica a fost repictat~ în fresc~ totde Nicolae Teodorescu. În 1934, pesteaceast~ pictur~ s-a suprapus o alta înulei, iar în 1984 s-a f~cut ultimarestaurare a picturii.
Dup~ 1970, pe locul fostelor chiliide pe trei laturi ale careului de incint~, s-au construit case noi, cu etaj, într-unadin ele amenajându-se muzeul m~n~s-tirii. Colec]ia muzeal~ cuprinde icoane,c~r]i vechi, obiecte de cult [.a. Treiicoane pictate de Gh. Tattarescu în 1886se afl~ în iconostasul din biserica mare.
În poienile din fa]a m~n~stirii s-aorganizat, începând din 1970, tab~rade sculptur~ în piatr~ de la M~gura,care s-a extins apoi, an de an.
33
VVeeddeerree ggeenneerraall~~ ddiinnsspprree vveesstt,,
ddee ppee DDeeaalluull MM~~gguurraa
GGeenneerraall vviieeww ffrroomm tthhee wweesstt,,
ffrroomm tthhee MMaagguurraa HHiillll
IInncciinnttaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii,, vveeddeerree
ddiinnsspprree ssuudd--vveesstt
În prim-plan, Biserica Sfin]ii
Apostoli Petru [i Pavel.
TThhee mmoonnaasstteerryy pprreecciinnccttss,,
vviieeww ffrroomm tthhee ssoouutthhwweesstt
Close-up of the Saint Apostles
Peter and Paul Church.
TThhee CCiioollaannuu MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CCiioollaannuu
35
Primul document ce atest~ exis-ten]a acestei m~n~stiri este datat 23iunie 1512, existând îns~ informa]iisigure conform c~rora l~ca[ul de cultluase fiin]~ cu mult înainte de aceast~dat~. Tipologic, biserica rupestr~ de laCorbi deriv~ din bisericile sal~, cu dou~altare, fiecare dedicat unui alt hram, stiltipic lumii bizantine de secol X. Ea esteînrudit~ arhitectural cu bisericile rupes-tre capadociene, îns~ altarul dublu, ra-cordat la o singur~ nav~ e o caracteris-tic~ unic~ în România.
În 1512, l~ca[ul a fost reînfiin]at cam~n~stire domneasc~, având hramulAdormirea Maicii Domnului, fiind închi-nat domnitorului Neagoe Basarab.
În secolul al XVIII-lea, m~n~stireadevine biseric~ de mir, iar la începutulsecolului urm~tor î[i cap~t~ imagineape care o are ast~zi. În ultimul deceniu,prin grija Prea Sfin]iei Sale CalinicArge[anul, l~ca[ul [i-a reluat via]a mo-nahal~ dup~ o întrerupere de mai binede 200 de ani.
SSttâânnccaa [[ii iinnttrraarreeaa îînn bbiisseerriiccaa
rruuppeessttrr~~
TThhee rroocckk aanndd tthhee eennttrraannccee ttoo
tthhee rroocckk cchhuurrcchh
BBiisseerriiccaa rruuppeessttrr~~
RRuuppeessttrraall cchhuurrcchh
TThhee CCoorrbbiiii ddee PPiiaattrraa MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CCoorrbbiiii ddee PPiiaattrr~~
The first document attesting to thismonastery is dated June 23, 1512 butreliable information says that the religiousabode was erected earlier. The Corbichurch, built in rock, is inspired from thehall churches with two altars, eachdifferently dedicated, characteristic of the10th century Byzantine world. In point ofarchitecture it is related to the rock-cutchurches of Cappadocia but the doublealtar connected to a single nave isdistinctive for Romania.
In 1512, the abode was reopenedas a princely monastery dedicated toThe Dormition of the Virgin by PrinceNeagoe Basarab.
In the first half of the 18th century,it became a church independent from themonastery, and in the early 19th centuryit acquired the present looks. In the lastten years, under the care of His HolinessCalinic Argesanul, the abode resumed itsmonastic life after a hiatus of more than200 years.
37
Numit~ asfel dup~ muntele dinvecin~tate, M~n~stirea Cozia estectitoria voievodului Mircea cel B~trân,din anii 1387-1388. Biserica mare, cuhramul Sfânta Treime, a fost constru-it~ în plan trilobat, cu ornamenta]iebogat~, de me[teri din Moravia. Afost pictat~ în 1390-1391, dup~ sfin-]irea ei la 18 mai 1388.
A fost restaurat~ în 1517, în vre-mea lui Neagoe Basarab, când a fostconstruit~ [i fântâna din fa]~, care îipoart~ numele. În 1706-1707, pahar-nicul ßerban Cantacuzino i-a ad~ugatpridvorul [i i-a ref~cut pictura; tot el aad~ugat cerdacuri cl~dirilor cu chiliidin incint~. Pictura originar~ se p~s-treaz~ înc~ în naos. Catapeteasma(iconostasul sau tâmpla) originar~, dinlemn, a ars [i a fost ref~cut~ din stu-catur~ în 1794.
Cl~dirile au fost ref~cute de dom-nitorii Gheorghe Bibescu [i Barbußtirbei în anii 1850-1856, de cânddateaz~ [i pavilionul de pe latura nor-dic~, fosta re[edin]~ domneasc~ de
Taking its name from the neigh-boring mount, Cozia Monastery waserected by Ruler Mircea the Oldbetween 1387 and 1388. The bigchurch, dedicated to The Holy Trinityhas a trefoiled design and a rich orna-mentation realized by masters fromMoravia. It was painted between1390 and 1391 after its hallowing onMay 18, 1388.
It was restored in 1517 at the timeof Ruler Neagoe Basarab when afountain was also dug in front bearinghis name. In 1706-1707 cup bearerSerban Cantacuzino added the porchand had the painting remade. He alsoconstructed the porches of the build-ings with the cells within the precincts.The original painting has been preser-ved in the naos. The initial woodenaltar screen (iconostasis) caught fireand burnt down, therefore had to beredone in stucco in 1794.
Ruler George Bibescu and BarbuStirbey rebuilt the complex between1850 and 1856, the period from which
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CCoozziiaa
Acuarel~ de A. Preziosi, 1869.
CCoozziiaa MMoonnaasstteerryy
Water color by A. Preziosi, 1869.
VVeeddeerree aaeerriiaann~~ ddiinnsspprree ssuudd aa
mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii
BBiirrdd’’ss eeyyee vviieeww ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy
sseeeenn ffrroomm tthhee ssoouutthh
TThhee CCoozziiaa MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CCoozziiaa
38
39
var~. Întregul complex a fost restauratîn întregime în anii 1958-1962, lu-cr~rile continuând [i dup~ 1970.M~n~stirea are dou~ paraclise –Adormirea Maicii Domnului (1583) [iDuminica Tuturor Sfin]ilor (1710) – [i,în apropiere, este amplasat~ bisericabolni]ei, Sfin]ii Apostoli (1543).
În pronaosul bisericii se afl~mormântul voievodului Mircea celB~trân [i cel al monahiei Teofana,mama lui Mihai Viteazul. Muzeulm~n~stirii con]ine valoroase obiecte [ipodoabe de cult, tip~rituri vechi,printre care un epitaf din 1396,Evanghelia mitropolitului Varlaam(1644) [i Psaltirea în versuri a luiDosoftei (1673).
also dates the pavilion on the northernwing, the Ruler’s former summerresidence. The whole compound wasfully restored between 1958 and 1962,the works continuing after 1970. Themonastery has two chapels – TheDormition (1583) and All Saints’Sunday (1710) – and close by standsthe church of the infirmary, The HolyApostles (1543).
The tomb of Ruler Mircea the Oldand of nun Teofana, mother of RulerMichael the Brave lies in the churchpronaos. The monastery museum con-tains valuable religious items and deco-rations, old prints, among which anepitaph of 1396, The Gospel ofMetropolitan Varlaam (1644) andDosoftei’s Rhymed Psalter (1673).VVeeddeerree ggeenneerraall~~ aa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii
Imagine dinspre est, de pe malul
stâng al Oltului.
GGeenneerraall vviieeww ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy
Image from the east, from the
left bank of the Olt river.
BBiisseerriiccaa bboollnnii]]eeii ccuu hhrraammuull
SSffiinn]]iiii AAppoossttoollii
Fa]ada sudic~.
TThhee cchhuurrcchh iinnffiirrmmaarryy,, ddeeddiiccaatteedd
ttoo tthhee HHoollyy AAppoossttlleess
The southern fa∆ade.
40
BBiisseerriiccaa mmaarree,, vv~~zzuutt~~
ddiinnsspprree nnoorrdd--vveesstt
În dreapta, fântâna lui
Neagoe Basarab (1517).
TThhee bbiigg cchhuurrcchh sseeeenn
ffrroomm tthhee nnoorrtthhwweesstt
On the right, the fountain
of Neagoe Basarab (1517).
JJuuddeeccaattaa ddee AAppooii
Pridvorul bisericii, pictur~ mural~ pe
peretele estic.
LLaasstt JJuuddggeemmeenntt
The porch of the church, painting on
the eastern wall.
PPrriiddvvoorruull bbiisseerriicciiii mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii
TThhee ppoorrcchh ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy cchhuurrcchh
41
42
VVooiieevvoodduull MMiirrcceeaa cceell BB~~ttrrâânn [[ii
ffiiuull ss~~uu MMiihhaaii
Biserica mare, peretele vestic al
naosului, tablou votiv.
RRuulleerr MMiirrcceeaa tthhee OOlldd aanndd hhiiss
ssoonn MMiicchhaaeell
The big church, the western
naos wall, votive painting.
NNaa[[tteerreeaa lluuii IIiissuuss [[ii
PPrreezzeennttaarreeaa llaa tteemmpplluu
Dou~ icoane praznicare pe
lemn, 1668 (muzeul m~n~stirii).
TThhee BBiirrtthh ooff JJeessuuss aanndd TThhee
PPrreesseennttaattiioouunnttoo tthhee TTeemmppllee
Two wooden icons of religious feasts,
1668 (the monastery museum).
UU[[ii ÎÎmmpp~~rr~~ttee[[ttii,, sseeccoolluull aall XXVVIIIIII--lleeaa;;
BBuunnaavveessttiirree
RRooyyaall DDoooorrss,, tthhee 1188tthh cceennttuurryy,,
TThhee AAnnnnuunncciiaattiioonn
43
MMaaiiccaa DDoommnnuulluuii îînn ssllaavv~~
Pictur~ mural~ în conca absidei de nord a naosului.
TThhee VViirrggiinn iinn GGlloorryy
Mural painting on the northern apse of the naos.
SSffiinn]]ii aannaahhoorree]]ii
Pictur~ mural~ pe peretele
nordic al pronaosului.
HHeerrmmiitt SSaaiinnttss
Mural painting on the
northern wall of the pronaos.
45
Biserica episcopal~, cu hramulAdormirea Maicii Domnului, a fost re-cl~dit~ de voievodul Neagoe Basarab,în anii 1512-1517, pe locul unei bise-rici mai vechi ctitorit~ de Vlad Dracul.Pictura a fost realizat~ de zugravulDobromir în 1526, în timpul domnieilui Radu de la Afuma]i. Ulterior, MateiBasarab [i ßerban Cantacuzino aureparat biserica [i turnul por]ii. Ava-riat~ de cutremure în 1802 [i 1838,apoi de incendiu în 1867, biserica afost restaurat~ în 1875-1886 dearhitectul Lecomte de Nouy (care af~cut modific~ri, înlocuiri [i ad~ugiri) [ipictat~ de fratele acestuia (din vecheapictur~ din secolul al XVI-lea p~s-trându-se câteva fragmente).
În pronaosul bisericii sunt mor-mintele voievozilor Neagoe Basarab(cu Despina Doamna) [i Radu de laAfuma]i, ale regilor Carol I [i Ferdi-nand [i ale reginelor Elisabeta [i Maria.Într-un pavilion de lâng~ biseric~ aufost aduse, în anul 2002, oseminteleRegelui Carol II.
Cl~dirile de pe latura estic~ ad~-postesc re[edin]a Episcopiei Arge[ului,paraclisul [i anexele m~n~stirii.
The bishopric church dedicated toThe Dormition of the Virgin was rebuiltby Ruler Neagoe Basarab between1512 and 1517 on the spot of an olderchurch founded by Vlad Dracul. Thepainting is the work of master Dobro-mir, achieved in 1526, during the reignof Radu of Afumati. Matei Basarab andSerban Cantacuzino subsequently re-paired the abode and the gate tower.Shattered by earthquakes in 1802 and1838, then by a fire in 1867, thechurch was restored in 1875-1886 byarchitect Lecomte de Nouy (who madesome changes, replacements and addi-tions), and painted by his brother. (Onlya few fragments have been preservedof the 16th century painting).
The church pronaos houses thetombs of Ruler Neagoe Basarab withPrincess Despina, of Ruler Radu ofAfumati, of Kings Carol I and Ferdinandand Queens Elisabeth and Maria. In2002, the remains of King Carol II wereput to rest in a neighboring pavilion.
The buildings on the eastern sideshelter the residence of the ArgesBishopric, the chapel, and the annexesof the monastery.
TThhee CCuurrtteeaa ddee AArrggeess MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa CCuurrtteeaa ddee AArrggee[[
VVeeddeerree aaeerriiaann~~ ddiinnsspprree eesstt
Biirrdd’’ss eeyyee vviieeww ffrroomm tthhee eeaasstt
BBiisseerriiccaa eeppiissccooppaall~~
Acuarel~ de A. Preziosi, 1869.
TThhee bbiisshhoopprriicc cchhuurrcchh
Water color by A. Preziosi, 1869.
46
BBiisseerriiccaa eeppiissccooppaall~~
Imagine din perioada interbelic~.
TThhee bbiisscchhoopprriicc cchhuurrcchh
Photo from the interwar period.
MMoorrmmâânnttuull RReeggeelluuii CCaarrooll II [[ii aall RReeggiinneeii
EElliissaabbeettaa
Biserica episcopal~, pronaos.
TThhee ttoommbb ooff KKiinngg CCaarrooll II aanndd QQuueeeenn
EElliissaabbeetthh
The bischopric church, pronaos.
FFuunneerraalliiiillee RReeggiinneeii MMaarriiaa (iulie 1938)
Patriarhul Miron Cristea îl întâmpin~ pe
Regele Carol II în biserica m~n~stirii
Curtea de Arge[.
QQuueeeenn’’ss MMaarryy ffuunneerraallss (July 1938)
The Patriarch Miron Cristea welcomes
King Carol II to the church of Curtea de
Arges Monastery.
47
48
BBiisseerriiccaa eeppiissccooppaall~~,, ttuurrllee ppee
pprroonnaaooss
TThhee bbiisscchhoopprriicc cchhuurrcchh,, ttuurrrreettss
oonn tthhee pprroonnaaooss
PPaarraacclliissuull mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii,, vv~~zzuutt
ddiinnsspprree ssuudd--eesstt
TThhee cchhaappeell ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy
sseeeenn ffrroomm ssoouutthheeaasstt
AAgghhiiaazzmmaattaarruull bbiisseerriicciiii
TThhee hhoollyy wwaatteerrffoonntt ooff
tthhee cchhuurrcchh
49
51
Attested by a document dating to1431, the church, dedicated to SaintNicholas was founded by Ruler Radu theGreat between 1499 and 1501, and wasfinished by Ruler Vladut (1510-1512).Having its walls covered in stone plates,and built on wooden pilasters, thechurch is a paragon of harmoniousproportions. It was painted with “goldencolors” by Dobromir of Targoviste, in1514, in the reign of Neagoe Basarab. Bycare of Ruler Constantin Brancoveanuthe painting was retouched round 1713,and then again, much later, in 1985, bycare of archimandrite Sofian Boghiu. IonGrigore signs the painting of the chapel.In the church lie six voivodal tombs, fromRadu the Great, 1508, to Michael Movi-la, 1608. The head of Ruler Michael theBrave was brought here in 1603. Themarble sarcophagi of Radu the Greatand Michael the Brave are the creationsof sculptor Frederic Storck, 1912-1913.
The establishment was a monks’monastery until 1863, and then fornearly 90 years it housed various militaryinstitutions. Fully restored (the churchand the cells crumbled in the 1940earthquake) between 1955 and 1958, itbecame a sanatorium for old monks andpriests, in 1988. At present it is amonasteries of nuns.
Este atestat~ documentar din 1431.Biserica, având hramul Sfântul Nicolae,este ctitoria voievodului Radu cel Maredin anii 1499-1501 [i a fost terminat~ deVl~du] Voievod (1510-1512). Cu pere]iiacoperi]i cu pl~ci de piatr~ [i cl~dit~ pepiloni de stejar, biserica este un modelde armonie [i echilibru al volumelor. Afost pictat~ „cu vopsele de aur” deDobromir din Târgovi[te, în 1514, învremea lui Neagoe Basarab. Pictura afost ref~cut~ în jurul anului 1713, pringrija voievodului Constantin Brânco-veanu [i, dup~ 1985, de arhimandritulSofian Boghiu. Paraclisul a fost pictat deIon Grigore. În biseric~ sunt amplasate[ase morminte voievodale, începând din1508 (Radu cel Mare) pân~ în 1608(Mihai Movil~); în 1603 a fost adus aicicapul lui Mihai Viteazul. Sarcofagele dinmarmur~ ale lui Radu cel Mare [i MihaiViteazul au fost realizate de sculptorulFrederic Storck în 1912-1913.
A[ez~mântul a func]ionat cam~n~stire de c~lug~ri pân~ în 1863,dup~ care, timp de cca. 90 de ani, aad~postit diferite institu]ii militare. Afost restaurat~ în întregime – biserica [ichiliile d~râmate la cutremurul din1940 – în anii 1955-1958, devenindpân~ în 1988 sanatoriu pentru c~lug~ri[i preo]i b~trâni. În prezent estem~n~stire de maici.
TThhee DDeeaalluu MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa DDeeaalluu
BBiisseerriiccaa [[ii iinncciinnttaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii,,
vv~~zzuuttee ddiinnsspprree nnoorrdd
TThhee cchhuurrcchh aanndd tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy
pprreecciinnccttss sseeeenn ffrroomm tthhee nnoorrtthh
VVeeddeerree ppaannoorraammiicc~~ aa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii,,
ddiinnsspprree ssuudd--eesstt
BBiirrdd’’ss eeyyee vviieeww ooff tthhee
mmoonnaasstteerryy ffrroomm tthhee ssoouutthheeaasstt
53
Pe locul unei biserici de lemn dela sfâr[itul secolului al XVI-lea, PredaBrâncoveanu a zidit, în 1634-1635,actuala biseric~, cu hramul Na[tereaMaicii Domnului. În 1684, ßerbanCantacuzino i-a ad~ugat acesteiapridvorul, iar în 1707 i s-a ad~ugatturla de pe pronaos. Din acela[i andateaz~ pictura, executat~ de me[-terul zugrav Constantinos.
M~n~stirea a fost ref~cut~ [icompletat~ cu noi cl~diri în secoleleXIX-XX, iar restaur~ri [i îmbun~t~]iriimportante s-au f~cut începând din1955. În biseric~ se afl~ morminteleso]iei [i fiului lui ßerban Cantacuzino.
Biserica-bolni]~ din lemn, cu hra-mul Adormirea Maicii Domnului, afost construit~ în anii 1810-1814, pelocul unui legendar stejar [i petemelia altei bisericu]e de lemn dinsecolul al XVI-lea.
M~n~stirea are o valoroas~ colec-]ie de obiecte vechi biserice[ti, ca deexemplu o Evanghelie din timpul luiConstantin Brâncoveanu [i icoanaMaica Domnului cu Pruncul, ferecat~ înargint, despre care tradi]ia spune c~ afost g~sit~ în stejarul din care s-aconstruit bisericu]a de lemn.
On the spot of a wooden churchfrom the late 16th century, between1634-1635, Preda Brancoveanu erectedthe present church, dedicated to TheBirth of the Virgin. In 1684, SerbanCantacuzino added a porch, and in 1707the turret on the pronaos. The painting,made by master Constantinos, datesfrom the same year.
The monastery was redesigned andcompleted by new buildings in the 19th
and 20th centuries, and since 1955 it hasbeen undergoing important restorationworks. The church houses the tombs ofSerban Cantacuzino’s wife and son.
The wooden infirmary church dedi-cated to The Dormition of the Virgin wasbuilt between 1810 and 1814 on thespot of a legendary oak tree and thefoundations of another wooden churchfrom the 16th century.
The monastery boasts a valuablecollection of old religious articles, such asa Gospel from the epoch of ConstantinBrancovan, and The Madonna withInfant, wrought in silver. Tradition has itthis icon was found in the oak fromwhich the wooden church was built (atranslation of its name would be theOne-Wood Church).
BBiisseerriiccuu]]aa ddee lleemmnn ((bboollnnii]]aa)) ddiinn
cciimmiittiirruull mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii
Vedere aerian~.
TThhee WWooooddeenn cchhuurrcchh ((tthhee iinnffiirrmmaarryy))
iinn tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy cceemmeetteerryy
Bird’s eye view.
VVeeddeerree aaeerriiaann~~ ppaannoorraammiicc~~ aa
mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii,, ddiinnsspprree ssuudd--eesstt
PPaannoorraammiicc bbiirrdd’’ss eeyyee vviieeww ooff tthhee
mmoonnaasstteerryy sseeeenn ffrroomm ssoouutthheeaasstt
TThhee OOnnee WWoooodd MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa DDiinnttrr--uunn LLeemmnn
54
BBiisseerriiccuu]]aa ddee lleemmnn
((„„bboollnnii]]aa””)) ddiinn
cciimmiittiirruull mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii
TThhee wwooooddeenn cchhuurrcchh
((""tthhee iinnffiirrmmaarryy””))
iinn tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy cceemmeetteerryy
MMaaiiccaa DDoommnnuulluuii
Icoan~ pe lemn
ferecat~ în argint, din
naosul bisericii (secolul
al XVI-lea).
TThhee MMaaddoonnnnaa
Wood icon wrought in
silver from the church
naos (16th century).
MMaatteeii BBaassaarraabb vvooiieevvoodd [[ii DDooaammnnaa EElliinnaa
Pridvorul bisericii, peretele estic, tablou votiv.
RRuulleerr MMaatteeii BBaassaarraabb aanndd PPrriinncceessss EElliinnaa
The church porch, the eastern wall, votive painting.
BBiisseerriiccaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii vv~~zzuutt~~
ddiinnsspprree ssuudd--vveesstt
TThhee mmoonnaasstteerryy cchhuurrcchh
sseeeenn ffrroomm tthhee ssoouutthhwweesstt
55
57
A fost construit~ în secolele XIV-XV, par]ial de voievodul Vlad ¥epe[,par]ial de Vlad C~lug~rul [i Radu celMare. Exteriorul bisericii (cu hramulAdormirea Maicii Domnului) estedecorat cu un brâu median pictat, iarferestrele au ancadramente de piatr~sculptat~.
Pictura dateaz~ din 1711. Iconos-tasul este [i el valoros, cu icoane pictatepe fond aurit. M~n~stirea a fostreparat~ în întregime de voievodulMatei Basarab în anii 1640-1645, învederea instal~rii tiparni]ei d~ruite demitropolitul Petru Movil~ din Kiev.
La începutul secolului al XVIII-leaau fost construite clopotni]a [i cl~dirilede pe latura nordic~, iar în 1775, tra-peza. M~n~stirea a fost renovat~ în anii1957-1969.
În tiparni]a de la Govora, în anii1636-1642 s-au tip~rit c~r]i biserice[tiîn slavon~, prima carte de legi înromâne[te, dup~ tip~riturile lui Coresidin Transilvania.
Erected in the 14th-15th centuries,it is the joint work of Ruler Vlad Tepes(The Impaler), Vlad Calugarul (The Monk)and Radu the Great, and is dedicated toThe Dormition of the Virgin. The exteriorof the church is decorated with a paintedmid girdle, and the windows haveframes of carved stone.
The painting dates to 1711. Thevaluable iconostasis features icons pain-ted on a golden background. The mo-nastery was fully refurbished by RulerMatei Basarab between 1640 and 1645in view of having installed a printingmachine given by metropolitan PeterMovila of Kiev.
The belfry and the buildings of thenorthern wing were put up in the 18th
century, and the refectory in 1775. Themonastery was renovated between1957 and 1969.
The Govora printing house publi-shed religious books in Old ChurchSlavonic, the first code of laws inRomanian after Coresi’s printings inTransylvania.
CCooll]]uull ddee nnoorrdd--eesstt aall iinncciinntteeii,, ccuu
ttuurrnnuull--ccllooppoottnnii]]~~
TThhee nnoorrtthheeaasstteerrnn ccoorrnneerr ooff tthhee
pprreecciinnccttss wwiitthh tthhee bbeellffrryy ttoowweerr
TThhee GGoovvoorraa MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa GGoovvoorraa
BBiisseerriiccaa [[ii iinncciinnttaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii,, vv~~zzuuttee
ddiinnsspprree vveesstt
Imagine din perioada interbelic~.
TThhee cchhuurrcchh aanndd tthhee pprreecciinnccttss ooff tthhee
mmoonnaasstteerryy sseeeenn ffrroomm tthhee wweesstt
Photo from the interwar period.
58
MMaaiiccaa DDoommnnuulluuii
ÎÎnnddrruumm~~ttooaarree
Icoan~ din iconostasul
bisericii.
MMaaddoonnnnaa HHooddeeggeettrriiaa
((SShhee wwhhoo ppooiinnttss tthhee wwaayy))
Icon of the church
iconostasis.
BBiisseerriiccaa [[ii iinncciinnttaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii
TThhee cchhuurrcchh aanndd tthhee pprreecciinnccttss ooff
tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy
59
BBiisseerriiccaa,, bboollttaa pprriiddvvoorruulluuii:: IIiissuuss
EEmmmmaannuueell
TThhee cchhuurrcchh,, vvaauulltt ooff tthhee ppoorrcchh::
JJeessuuss IImmmmaannuueell
BBiisseerriiccaa,, aabbssiiddaa ddee ssuudd aa
nnaaoossuulluuii:: SSffiinn]]ii mmuucceenniiccii
TThhee cchhuurrcchh,, tthhee ssoouutthh aappssee ooff
tthhee nnaaooss:: MMaarrttyyrr ssaaiinnttss
60
61
Este ctitoria domnitorului Constan-tin Brâncoveanu, terminat~ în 1697.Biserica (1690-1693), având hramulSfin]ii Împ~ra]i Constantin [i Elena, esteconstruit~ în plan trilobat, cu pridvorspecific stilului brâncovenesc, decorat~în exterior cu panouri dreptunghiulare,firide ornamentale cu cercuri [i având unancadrament de marmur~ sculptat~ lau[a de la intrare. Pictura, de o marevaloare artistic~, pe lâng~ scenelereligioase are [i o galerie de portrete aleBrâncovenilor, Basarabilor [i Cantacu-zinilor. Catapeteasma este sculptat~ înlemn de tei [i suflat~ cu aur. A[ez~-mântul a fost reparat [i restaurat însecolele XIX-XX.
M~n~stirea Hurez mai cuprinde:biserica bolni]ei, ctitorit~ de MariaBrâncoveanu în 1696-1699, biserica-paraclis, ctitorit~ de Constantin Brânco-veanu în 1696-1697, schiturile Sfântulßtefan (ctitorit de ßtefan, fiul domni-
PPaarraacclliissuull mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii,, vv~~zzuutt ddiinn pprriiddvvoorruull
bbiisseerriicciiii mmaarrii
TThhee cchhaappeell ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy sseeeenn ffrroomm
tthhee ppoorrcchh ooff tthhee bbiigg cchhuurrcchh
IInncciinnttaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii [[ii bbiisseerriiccaa mmaarree
vv~~zzuuttee ddiinnsspprree ssuudd--vveesstt
TThhee mmoonnaasstteerryy pprreecciinnccttss aanndd tthhee
cchhuurrcchh sseeeenn ffrroomm tthhee ssoouutthhwweesstt
A foundation of Ruler ConstantinBrancoveanu, the construction was fini-shed in 1697. The church (1690-1693),dedicated to Saints Emperor Constantinand Empress Elena is built on a trefoileddesign, with a specific Brancovan porch,decorated on the outside with rectan-gular panels, niches ornamented withcircles, and a carved marble frame onthe entrance door. The highly valuablepainting presents religious scenes aswell as several portraits of theBrancoveanu, Basarab and Cantacuzinofamilies. The altar screen is sculpted inlime tree and gilded. The establishmentwas repaired and restored in the 19th-20th centuries.
The Hurez Monastery also includesthe church of the infirmary, founded byMaria Brancoveanu in 1696-1699, thechapel-church, founded by ConstantinBrancoveanu between 1696-1697, theSaint Stephen skete, built by Stephen,
TThhee HHuurreezz MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa HHuurreezz
62
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa HHuurreezz
Acuarel~ de A. Preziosi, 1869.
TThhee HHuurreezz MMoonnaasstteerryy
Water color by A. Preziosi, 1869.
BBiisseerriiccaa mmaarree,, bboollttaa pprroonnaaoossuulluuii::
ssffiinn]]ii ddiinn ccaalleennddaarr ((SSiinnaaxxaarr))
TThhee bbiigg cchhuurrcchh,, tthhee pprroonnaaooss vvaauulltt::
ccaalleennddaarr ssaaiinnttss ((SSyynnaaxxaarriiuumm))
63
BBiisseerriiccaa bboollnnii]]eeii
Peretele estic al pridvorului, cu
pisania [i icoana de hram
(Adormirea Maicii Domnului).
TThhee iinnffiirrmmaarryy cchhuurrcchh
The eastern wall of the porch with
the votive inscription and dedication
icon (The Dormition of the Virgin).
torului, în 1703), Sfin]ii Apostoli [iSfântul Ioan (1698). De asemenea, m~-n~stirea – cel mai complet [i reu[it an-samblu brâncovenesc – are o bogat~colec]ie de obiecte de cult, unele datândde la întemeiere, precum [i o valoroas~bibliotec~.
La 20 iunie 1992, Sinodul BisericiiOrtodoxe Române a hot~rât cano-nizarea, ca sfin]i martiri, a lui ConstantinBrâncoveanu, a celor patru fii ai s~i(Constantin, ßtefan, Radu [i Matei) [i asfetnicului Ianache, uci[i la Istambul, la16 august 1714.
the Ruler’s son, the Saints Apostles andSaint John Skete (1698). The monastery,the most accomplished and complexBrancovan ensemble, also boasts a richcollection of religious articles, some ofthem dating to the foundation days, aswell as a valuable library.
On June 20, 1992, the Synod of theRomanian Orthodox Church decided tocanonize as martyr saints ConstantinBrancoveanu and his four sons (Cons-tantin, Stephen, Radu and Matei), andcounselor Ianache, all killed in Istanbulon August 16, 1714.
64
VVooiieevvoodduull CCoonnssttaannttiinn BBrrâânnccoovveeaannuu,,
DDooaammnnaa MMaarriiaa,, ffiiiiii [[ii ffiiiicceellee lloorr
Biserica mare, tablou votiv.
RRuulleerr CCoonnssttaannttiinn BBrraannccoovveeaannuu,, PPrriinncceessss
MMaarriiaa,, tthheeiirr ssoonnss aanndd ddaauugghhtteerrss
The big church, votive painting.
CCaannttaaccuuzziinniiii
Biserica mare, tablou votiv.
TThhee CCaannttaaccuuzziinnooss
The big church, votive painting.
65
IInncciinnttaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii vv~~zzuutt~~
ddiinnsspprree ssuudd--vveesstt
TThhee pprreecciinnccttss ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy
sseeeenn ffrroomm tthhee ssoouutthhwweesstt
67
Existen]a m~n~stirii este atestat~documentar în anul 1547, în vremeadomnitorului Mircea Ciobanu. A[ez~-mântul era întemeiat îns~ mai înainte,în jurul unei biserici s~pate în stânc~(dup~ unii, fosta catacomb~ cre[tin~ înperioada roman~), în grota c~reiatradi]ia spune c~ s-ar fi g~sit, în vremealui Negru Vod~, o icoan~ a MaiciiDomnului f~c~toare de minuni, pictat~de însu[i Sfântul Evanghelist Marcu.Icoana respectiv~, ferecat~ ulterior înargint, se p~streaz~ în biseric~ [i înzilele noastre.
Biserica rupestr~, cu hramul Intra-rea în Biseric~ a Maicii Domnului, a fostl~rgit~ [i extins~ în anul 1843. Întregula[ez~mânt a fost restaurat în 1918-1921, dup~ stric~ciunile grave f~cutede artileria german~ în 1916. M~n~s-tirea are o colec]ie muzeal~ cu obiectede art~ feudal~ bisericeasc~ [i popular~[i carte veche româneasc~.
The monastery goes back to 1547as attested by documents, to the time ofRuler Mircea Ciobanu. Nonetheles, theestablishment was founded earlier,around a church dug in rock (accordingto some a former Christian catacombfrom the Roman times) in a grottowhere tradition says that a miracle-working icon of the Madonna wasfound, painted by the very Saint of theGospel, Mark. The respective icon,subsequently wrought in silver, has beenpreserved to this day.
The rock church dedicated to TheEntrance into the Temple of the Virginwas extended and enlarged in 1843.The entire abode was restored between1918 and 1921 as it was heavily dama-ged by the German artillery in 1916. Themonastery displays in a museum acollection of religious and folk feudal artitems and old Romanians books.
TThhee NNaammaaiieessttii MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa NN~~mm~~iiee[[ttii
SSttâânnccaa îînn ccaarree aa ffoosstt ccoonnssttrruuiitt~~
bbiisseerriiccaa rruuppeessttrr~~
TThhee rroocckk iinn wwhhiicchh tthhee cchhuurrcchh
wwaass bbuuiilltt
BBiisseerriiccaa sseemmii--rruuppeessttrr~~ ((ffaa]]aaddaa vveessttiicc~~))
Clopotni]a [i corpul de chilii cu muzeul.
TThhee ppaarrtt--rroocckk cchhuurrcchh ((wweesstteerrnn ffaa∆∆aaddee))
The belfry and the cell building with
the museum.
69
Dup~ cercet~rile istorice, vechi-mea acestei m~n~stiri ar începe pe laanul 1505. Actuala biseric~, cu hra-mul Adormirea Maicii Domnului, afost ctitorit~ la 1645 de logof~tulDanciu Pârâianu, care a înzestratm~n~stirea cu bunuri, închinând-oîns~ Sfântului Mormânt de la Ieru-salim, ceea ce a dus la ruinarea samaterial~. Voievodul Constantin Brân-coveanu a r~scump~rat-o în 1693 [i arestaurat-o în 1703-1712, fiind pic-tat~ de me[teri zugravi din [coala dela Hurez. Biserica bolni]ei a fost con-struit~ în anii 1731-1732 [i conserv~înc~ pictura din 1738.
M~n~stirea a fost renovat~ lasfâr[itul secolului trecut. Ea ad~pos-te[te o colec]ie muzeal~ [i un depozitde carte veche [i icoane cu valoare depatrimoniu.
Historical research has found thismonastery to originate round 1505.The present church dedicated to TheDormition of the Virgin was erected in1645 by chancellor Danciu Paraianu,who endowed the monastery withvarious articles but dedicated it to theHoly Sepulchre of Jerusalem, whichresulted in its material downfall. RulerConstantin Brancoveanu bought itback in 1693 and restored it between1703 and 1712, when it was paintedby masters of the Hurez school. Theinfirmary church was erected between1731-1732, and to this day it has pre-served some of the paintings of 1738.
The monastery was refurbished atthe end of the 19th century, and nowit also features a museum storing oldbooks and highly valuable icons.
FFaa]]aaddaa vveessttiicc~~ aa bbiisseerriicciiii [[ii ccooll]]uull
ddee nnoorrdd aall iinncciinntteeii
TThhee wweesstteerrnn ffaa∆∆aaddee ooff tthhee cchhuurrcchh
aanndd tthhee nnoorrtthheenn ccoorrnneerr ooff tthhee
pprreecciinnccttss
TThhee PPoolloovvrraaggii MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa PPoolloovvrraaggii
BBiisseerriiccaa bboollnnii]]eeii,, vveeddeerree
ddiinnsspprree ssuudd--vveesstt
TThhee iinnffiirrmmaarryy cchhuurrcchh,, vviieeww
ffrroomm tthhee ssoouutthhwweesstt
70
AAddoorrmmiirreeaa MMaaiicciiii DDoommnnuulluuii,,
iiccooaann~~ ddee hhrraamm
Pridvorul bisericii, peretele
estic, pictur~ mural~.
TThhee DDoorrmmiittiioonn ooff tthhee VViirrggiinn,,
ddeeddiiccaattiioonn iiccoonn
The porch of the church,
eastern wall, mural painting.
SScceennee ddiinn vviiaa]]aa MMaaiicciiii DDoommnnuulluuii
Biserica, pridvor, pictur~ mural~.
SScceenneess ffrroomm tthhee lliiffee ooff tthhee VViirrggiinn
The church, porch, mural painting.
AAddoorrmmiirreeaa MMaaiicciiii DDoommnnuulluuii
Icoana împ~r~teasc~ în
iconostasul bisericii.
TThhee DDoorrmmiittiioonn ooff tthhee VViirrggiinn
Main icon from
the church iconostasis.
BBiisseerriiccaa bboollnnii]]eeii,, ppeerreetteellee nnoorrddiicc
aall nnaaoossuulluuii
Picturi murale: Sfin]ii Împ~ra]i
Constantin [i Elena, Sfin]i
militari, Învierea Domnului [.a.m.d.
TThhee iinnffiirrmmaarryy cchhuurrcchh,, nnoorrtthheerrnn
wwaallll ooff tthhee nnaaooss
Mural paintings: Holy Emperor Constantin
and Empress Elena, Military Saints, The
Resurrection of the Lord a.s.o.
71
73
The abode was founded by Spat-harius Mihail Cantacuzino after a visitpaid to the monasteries on MountAthos. Between 1690 and 1695 thelittle church was built (The Dormition ofthe Virgin) painted by Parvu Mutu aswell as the citadel around it, with cellsand chapel. The big church (dedicatedto the Holy Trinity) and the cells on thenorthern and southern sides were putup between 1843 and 1846. The belfryand the museum building (the firstmuseum of religious art) were con-structed in 1896.
The cells and the big church, withspecific ornamentation of glazed bricksand painted niches were restoredbetween 1898 and 1903. On the west-ern wall of the naos stand the picturesof King Carol I, Queen Elisabeth andtheir daughter, Maria. The crypt ofTache Ionescu, a renowned Romanianpolitician, was arranged in the oldprecincts in 1922.
A fost întemeiat~ de sp~tarulMihail Cantacuzino, dup~ o vizit~ lam~n~stirile de la Muntele Sinai. Înanii 1690-1695 s-a construit bisericamic~ Adormirea Maicii Domnului,pictat~ de Pârvu Mutu, [i cetatea dinjurul ei, cu chilii [i paraclis. Bisericamare, cu hramul Sfânta Treime, [ichiliile de pe laturile de nord [i sud aufost construite în 1843-1846. În 1896s-a construit clopotni]a [i cl~direamuzeului – primul muzeu de art~religioas~.
În anii 1898-1903 au fost resta-urate cetatea de chilii [i bisericamare, prezentând ca elemente speci-fice ornamenta]ia exterioar~ cuc~r~mid~ sm~l]uit~ [i ocni]ele cupicturi. În naos, pe peretele vestic,sunt picta]i Regele Carol I, ReginaElisabeta [i fiica lor Maria. În 1922, înincinta veche s-a amenajat cavoul luiTache Ionescu, cunoscut om politic.
TThhee SSiinnaaiiaa MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa SSiinnaaiiaa
BBiisseerriiccaa mmiicc~~,, pprriiddvvoorr
Pictura mural~ de pe
peretele estic [i bolta.
TThhee ssmmaallll cchhuurrcchh,, ppoorrcchh
Mural painting on the eastern
wall and the vault.
BBiisseerriiccaa mmaarree,, vveeddeerree ggeenneerraall~~
ddiinnsspprree ssuudd--vveesstt
TThhee bbiigg cchhuurrcchh,, ggeenneerraall vviieeww
ffrroomm tthhee ssoouutthhwweesstt
74
CCooll]]uull ddee ssuudd--eesstt aall
iinncciinntteeii cceett~~]]iiii
Chiliile, st~re]ia.
TThhee ssoouutthheeaasstteerrnn ccoorrnneerr
ooff tthhee cciittaaddeell pprreecciinnccttss
The cells, the abbey.
BBiisseerriiccaa mmaarree:: ddeettaalliiuu
ddiinn pprriiddvvoorr
TThhee bbiigg cchhuurrcchh:: tthhee ppoorrttaall,,
ddeettaaiill
BBiisseerriiccaa mmaarree::
pprriiddvvoorruull [[ii ppoorrttaalluull
TThhee bbiigg cchhuurrcchh:: tthhee
ppoorrcchh aanndd tthhee ppoorrttaall
75
77
The founder of this abode was theGreek monk Ioanichie, settled in Bucha-rest around 1720, and turned Stavro-pole metropolitan in 1726, hence thename of the ensemble (church and inn-monastery) he erected between 1722and 1730.
The initial church (of the inn) wasfinished in 1724 as a rectangularconstruction. In 1730, bishop Ioanichiedecided to alter it on a trefoiled designby extending the altar apse, addinglateral apses and an open porch onsculpted stone columns, specific for thearchitecture of Brancovan monasterychurches. That also proves the enlargedfunction of the abode, turned into amonastery church. After the earth-quakes of 1852 and 1858 it was resto-red, and in 1861 the inner murals werecovered with paint, and most of thealtarpiece (initially boasting gilded deco-rations) was painted in yellow.
In 1904, the reputed architect IonMincu started restoration works of theentire complex, remaking the turret(removed in 1841) and designing thepresent precincts on the spot of theformer inn-monastery (demolished in1863-1871). The altar screen was res-tored in 1999-2001 and afterwardsample works of restoration of the churchand of the entire ensemble began.
Este ctitoria c~lug~rului grecIoanichie, stabilit în Bucure[ti prin anul1720, devenit în 1726 mitropolit alStavropolei, de unde numele ansam-blului (biseric~ [i han-m~n~stire) pe carel-a construit în perioada 1722-1730.
Biserica ini]ial~ (a hanului), termi-nat~ în 1724, era o construc]ie în plandreptunghiular. În 1730, episcopul Ioa-nichie a decis modificarea ei într-una deplan treflat, prin lungirea absidei alta-rului, ad~ugarea absidelor laterale [i aunui pridvor deschis pe coloane dinpiatr~ sculptat~ – tr~s~turi specificearhitecturii bisericilor m~n~stirilor brân-covene[ti, ceea ce demonstreaz~ [iextinderea func]iei l~ca[ului la cea debiseric~ m~n~stireasc~. Biserica a fostrestaurat~ dup~ cutremurele din 1852-1858, iar în 1861 a fost acoperit~ cuzugr~veal~ pictura mural~ interioar~ [icu vopsea galben~ o mare parte dintâmpl~, care ini]ial avea decor aurit.
În 1904, arhitectul Ioan Mincu aîntreprins lucr~ri de restaurare a în-tregului complex, reconstituind turla(îndep~rtat~ în 1841) [i proiectând pelocul fostului han-m~n~stire (disp~rut în1863-1871), actuala incint~. În anii1999-2001 s-a restaurat tâmpla [i dup~aceast~ dat~ s-au ini]iat lucr~ri ample derestaurare a bisericii [i a întreguluiansamblu.
TThhee SSttaavvrrooppoolleeooss CChhuurrcchhBBiisseerriiccaa SSttaavvrrooppoolleeooss
IInncciinnttaa ddee ttiipp cchhiioossttrroo,, pprrooiieeccttaatt~~ ddee
aarrhhiitteeccttuull IIoonn MMiinnccuu ((11990044))
TThhee cchhiioossttrroo ttyyppee pprreecciinnccttss ddeessiiggnneedd
bbyy aarrcchhiitteecctt IIoonn MMiinnccuu ((11990044))
PPrriiddvvoorruull bbiisseerriicciiii
TThhee ppoorrcchh ooff tthhee cchhuurrcchh
78
79
BBiisseerriiccaa SSttaavvrrooppoolleeooss
Acuarel~ de A. Preziosi, 1869.
TThhee SSttaavvrrooppoolleeooss CChhuurrcchh
Water color by A. Preziosi, 1869.
UU[[iillee ÎÎmmpp~~rr~~ttee[[ttii ccuu BBuunnaavveessttiirree
RRooyyaall DDoooorrss wwiitthh tthhee AAnnnnuunncciiaattiioonn
81
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa SSuurrppaatteellee
Acuarel~ de A. Preziosi, 1869.
TThhee SSuurrppaatteellee MMoonnaasstteerryy
Water color by A. Preziosi, 1869.
TTuurrnnuull--ccllooppoottnnii]]~~ [[ii ffaa]]aaddaa
ssuuddiicc~~ aa bbiisseerriicciiii
TThhee bbeellffrryy ttoowweerr aanndd ssoouutthheerrnn
ffaa∆∆aaddee ooff tthhee cchhuurrcchh
Biserica, având hramul Sfânta Tre-ime, a fost întemeiat~ la începutulsecolului al XVI-lea, ref~cut~ apoi deboierii Buze[ti, reparat~ în secolul alXVII-lea, apoi reconstruit~ din zid dedoamna Maria Brâncoveanu în 1703-1706, reparat~ [i repictat~ în 1815. Areo catapeteasm~ [i u[i în stil brân-covenesc minunat sculptate.
Din 1872 m~n~stirea a fost închis~pân~ la restaurarea din 1927-1935. În1958-1959 s-au f~cut alte lucr~ri derestaurare [i, ulterior, de modernizare.
Dedicated to The Holy Trinity thechurch was founded in the early 16th
century, remade by the Buzesti boyars,repaired in the 17th century, built inbrick by Princess Maria Brancoveanu in1703-1706, repaired and painted againin 1815. It features a beautifully carvedaltar piece and Brancovan-style doors.
In 1872, the monastery was closeduntil its restoration in 1927-1935.Other repairs were undertaken bet-ween 1958-1959, when the esta-blishment was modernized.
TThhee SSuurrppaatteellee MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa SSuurrppaatteellee
83
The first monastic establishementfeaturing a wooden church was foun-ded in 1740 by Stanca Arsica of Sacele,a nun under the name of Suzana. In1840, the wooden church wasreplaced by a brick one which wastumbled by an earthquake. The presentchurch dedicated to Saint Nicholas waserected between 1880 and 1882 at thetime of mother superior Natalia Perlea.The oil painting was achieved by PetreNicolau, a student of G. Tattarescu andwas restored in 1976 by G. Vanatoru.The monastery has a small church dedi-cated to The veil of the Virgin, erectedin 1911, where mass is said in winter.
Primul a[ez~mânt monahal, cu obiseric~ de lemn, a fost fondat aici în1740, de Stanca Ar[ica din S~cele,c~lug~rit~ cu numele Suzana. În 1840,biserica de lemn a fost înlocuit~ cu unade zid, care s-a d~râmat la uncutremur. Actuala biseric~, cu hramulSfântul Nicolae, a fost construit~ în1880-1882, în timpul stare]ei NataliaPerlea. Pictura în ulei este opera luiPetre Nicolau, ucenic al lui Gh.Tattarescu, restaurat~ în 1976 de Gh.Vân~toru. M~n~stirea mai are o bise-ric~ mic~, cu hramul Acoper~mântulMaicii Domnului, construit~ în 1911,unde se fac slujbe în timpul iernii.
TThhee SSuuzzaannaa MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa SSuuzzaannaa
BBiisseerriiccaa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii
Vedere general~ dinspre sud-vest.
TThhee mmoonnaasstteerryy cchhuurrcchh
General view from the southwest.
CCaassee mmoonnaahhaallee
Col]ul de nord-est al incintei.
MMoonnaassttiicc hhoouusseess
The northeastern corner of the precincts.
85
Întemeiat~ de cuviosul Nicodim(a c~rui chilie, în stânc~, se afl~ în apro-piere), în secolul al XIV-lea, avându-idrept ctitori pe Radu I [i fiii s~i, Dan I [iMircea cel B~trân, M~n~stirea Tismanaa fost sfin]it~ în anul 1378. A fostreconstruit~ ulterior de Radu cel Mare(1485-1508), p~strând arhitectura spe-cific~ secolului al XIV-lea.
Biserica, cu hramul AdormireaMaicii Domnului, a fost pictat~ în1564, repictat~ în 1735 (naosul) [i1766 (pronaosul), ultima pictur~ fiinddecapat~ în 1955-1956, când s-arestaurat pictura originar~. La reno-varea din 1980-1989, s-a ref~cut, înforma sa ini]ial~, [i pridvorul bisericii.
M~n~stirea are o bogat~ colec]iemuzeal~: icoane, obiecte [i c~r]i decult, ve[minte [i fragmente din picturaexecutat~ în 1766.
Founded by priest Nicodim(who had a cell in a rock close by) inthe 14th century, the abode wasactually erected by Radu I and his sons,Dan I and Mircea the Old, beinghallowed in 1378. Subsequently rebuiltby Radu the Great (1485-1508), itpreserves the specific architecture of the14th century.
Dedicated the The Dormition ofthe Virgin, the church was painted in1564, and repainted in 1735 (the naos)and 1766 (the pronaos), the last paint-ing being retouched in 1955-1956when the original frescoes were resto-red. During the 1980-1989 restorationworks the church porch was alsobrought to its initial shape.
The monastery has a rich museumdisplaying icons, religious articles, oldbooks, religious vestments and frag-ments of painting made in 1766.
MM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa TTiissmmaannaa
Litografie de Benesch Ladislau,
secolul al XIX-lea.
TThhee TTiissmmaannaa MMoonnaasstteerryy
Lithograph by Benesch Ladislau,
the 19th century.
VVeeddeerree ggeenneerraall~~ aa mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii
GGeenneerraall vviieeww ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy
TThhee TTiissmmaannaa MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa TTiissmmaannaa
86
PPiillaa[[ttrriiii aarrccuulluuii ttrriiuummffaall
Picturi murale: Sfântul Estavie [i
Sfântul Nicodim.
TThhee ppiillaasstteerrss ooff tthhee ttrriiuummpphhaall aarrcchh
Mural paintings: Saint Estavie and
Saint Nicodemus.
AAbbssiiddaa nnoorrddiicc~~ aa nnaaoossuulluuii
Pictur~ mural~: Sfin]i
militari.
NNoorrtthheerrnn aappssee ooff tthhee nnaaooss
Mural painting: Military
saints.
87
UU[[ii ÎÎmmpp~~rr~~ttee[[ttii,, BBuunnaa VVeessttiirree
RRooyyaall DDoooorrss,, TThhee AAnnnnuunncciiaattiioonn
CCrruuccee ccuu ppiicciioorr lluuccrraatt~~ îînn ffiilliiggrraann,,
11778811 ((mmuuzzeeuull mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii))
CCrroossss wwiitthh ffoooott iinn ffiilliiggrreeee,, 11778811
((mmuusseeuumm ooff tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy))
88
SSffiinn]]iiii pprroooorrooccii DDaanniieell [[ii AAaarroonn
Fragment din pictura mural~ executat~ în
1766 (muzeul m~n~stirii).
PPrroopphheettss DDaanniieell aanndd AAaarroonn
Fragment of the mural painting made in
1766 (museum of the monastery).
SSffiinn]]ii mmaarrttiirrii
Fragment din pictura mural~ din
1766 (muzeul m~n~stirii).
MMaarrttyyrr ssaaiinnttss
Fragment of the 1766 mural painting
(museum of the monastery).
89
PPoommeellnniiccuull MM~~nn~~ssttiirriiii TTiissmmaannaa,,
11884400 ((mmuuzzeeuull mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii))
TThhee ddiippttyycchh ooff tthhee TTiissmmaannaa
MMoonnaasstteerryy,, 11884400 ((mmuusseeuumm ooff
tthhee mmoonnaasstteerryy))
AAddoorrmmiirreeaa MMaaiicciiii DDoommnnuulluuii
Fragment din pictura mural~ de la
1766 (muzeul m~n~stirii).
TThhee DDoorrmmiittiioonn ooff tthhee VViirrggiinn
Fragment of the 1766 mural painting
(museum of the monastery).
91
The abode was founded by archi-mandrite Elefterie, abbot of GhighiuMonastery. The church, dedicated toThe Entrance in the Temple of theVirgin was erected between 1855 and1857 and painted by Anton Chladekand Nicolae Grigorescu between1856-1857.
The name of the monastery comesfrom the wife of a merchant who in1743 erected a small church in thecemetery, dedicated to The Holy Trinity.Five members of the family of the greatRomanian historian, journalist andpolitician Nicolae Iorga are buried in thisgraveyard. The big church was badlydamaged by the earthquakes of 1940,1977, and 1986 and had to be repairedand restored several times, the lastworks (1986-1989) being made torestore the original painting. The mo-nastery boasts a collection of valuablereligious articles.
A fost întemeiat~ de arhimandri-tul Elefterie, stare]ul M~n~stirii Ghi-ghiu. Biserica, cu hramul Intrarea înBiseric~ a Maicii Domnului, a fostconstruit~ în anii 1855-1857 [ipictat~, în 1856-1857, de AntonChladek [i Nicolae Grigorescu.
M~n~stirea [i-a luat numele de lacel al so]iei unui negustor, care în1743 a construit biserica mic~ dincimitir, cu hramul Sfânta Treime. Încimitir se afl~ mormintele a cincimembri din familia marelui istoric,publicist [i om politic Nicolae Iorga.Biserica mare, avariat~ de cutremureledin 1940, 1977 [i 1986, a fost repa-rat~ [i renovat~, în mai multe rânduri,la ultima restaurare (1986-1989), fiindînl~turate interven]iile f~cute anteriorasupra picturii originare. M~n~stireaare o colec]ie de obiecte biserice[ti depatrimoniu.
TThhee ZZaammffiirraa MMoonnaasstteerryyMM~~nn~~ssttiirreeaa ZZaammffiirraa
IIccoonnoossttaassuull bbiisseerriicciiii
Icoane pictate de Nicolae Grigorescu.
TThhee cchhuurrcchh iiccoonnoossttaassiiss
Icons painted by Nicolae Grigorescu.
BBiisseerriiccaa SSffâânnttaa TTrreeiimmee ddiinn
cciimmiittiirruull mm~~nn~~ssttiirriiii
Vedere dinspre sud-vest.
TThhee HHoollyy TTrriinniittyy CChhuurrcchh iinn tthhee
mmoonnaasstteerryy cceemmeetteerryy
View from the southwest.
92
SSffiinn]]iiii AArrhhaanngghheellii MMiihhaaiill [[ii GGaavvrriiiill
Icoane din iconostas, pictate de Nicolae Grigorescu (1856-1857).
SSaaiinnttss AArrcchhaannggeellss MMiicchhaaeell aanndd GGaabbrriieell
Icons of the iconostasis painted by Nicolae Grigorescu (1856-1857).
93
SSffâânnttuull NNiiccoollaaee
Icoan~ din iconostas pictat~ de Nicolae Grigorescu.
SSaaiinntt NNiicchhoollaass
Icon of the iconostasis painted by Nicolae Grigorescu.
94
IIiissuuss PPaannttooccrraattoorr
Fresc~ de Nicolae Grigorescu în
calota turlei bisericii.
JJeessuuss PPaannttooccrraattoorr
Fresco by Nicolae Grigorescu in
the vault of the church turret.
SSffiinn]]iiii ÎÎmmpp~~rraa]]ii CCoonnssttaannttiinn [[ii
EElleennaa
Fresc~ de Nicolae Grigorescu,
în absida de nord a naosului
bisericii.
SSaaiinntt EEmmppeerroorr CCoonnssttaannttiinn aanndd
EEmmpprreessss EElleennaa
Fresco by Nicolae Grigorescu
in the northern apse of the
church naos.
95
PPoorrttaalluull ccuu ppiissaanniiaa aall bbiisseerriicciiii ddiinn
cciimmiittiirr
PPoorrttaall wwiitthh tthhee vvoottiivvee iinnssccrriippttiioonn ooff
tthhee cceemmeetteerryy cchhuurrcchh
JJuuddeeccaattaa ddee AAppooii ((ffrraaggmmeenntt))
Pictur~ mural~ pe peretele estic al
pridvorului bisericii din cimitir.
LLaasstt JJuuddggeemmeenntt ((ffrraaggmmeenntt))
Mural painting on the eastern wall of
the porch of the cemetery church.
© NOI MEDIA PRINT
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